Interactions of Environmental Factors and APOA1-APOC3-APOA4-APOA5 Gene Cluster Gene Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

ObjectiveThe present study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for Metabolic syndrome. We evaluated the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apolipoprotein APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster and the MetS risk and analyzed the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS.MethodsA study on the prevalence and risk factors for MetS was conducted using data from a large cross-sectional survey representative of the population of Jilin Province situated in northeastern China. A total of 16,831 participations were randomly chosen by multistage stratified cluster sampling of residents aged from 18 to 79 years in all nine administrative areas of the province. Environmental factors associated with MetS were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses based on the weighted sample data. A sub-sample of 1813 survey subjects who met the criteria for MetS patients and 2037 controls from this case-control study were used to evaluate the association between SNPs and MetS risk. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and SNP genotyping was determined by MALDI-TOF-MS. The associations between SNPs and MetS were examined using a case-control study design. The interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster polymorphisms with MetS were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe overall adjusted prevalence of MetS was 32.86% in Jilin province. The prevalence of MetS in men was 36.64%, which was significantly higher than the prevalence in women (29.66%). MetS was more common in urban areas (33.86%) than in rural areas (31.80%). The prevalence of MetS significantly increased with age (OR = 8.621, 95%CI = 6.594–11.272). Mental labor (OR = 1.098, 95%CI = 1.008–1.195), current smoking (OR = 1.259, 95%CI = 1.108–1.429), excess salt intake (OR = 1.252, 95%CI = 1.149–1.363), and a fruit and dairy intake less than 2 servings a week were positively associated with MetS (P<0.05). A family history of diabetes (OR = 1.630, 95%CI = 1.484–1.791), cardiovascular disease or cerebral diseases (OR = 1.297, 95%CI = 1.211–1.389) was associated with MetS. APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821 revealed significant differences in genotype distributions between the MetS patients and control subjects. The minor alleles of APOA1 rs670, APOA5 rs662799 and rs651821, and APOA5 rs2075291 were associated with MetS (P<0.0016). APOA1 rs5072 and APOC3 rs5128, APOA5 rs651821 and rs662799 were in strong linkage disequilibrium to each other with r2 greater than 0.8. Five haplotypes were associated with an increased risk of MetS (OR = 1.23, 1.58, 1.80, 1.90, and 1.98). When we investigated the interactions of environmental factors and APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster gene polymorphisms, we found that APOA5 rs662799 had interactions with tobacco use and alcohol consumption (PGE<0.05).ConclusionsThere was a high prevalence of MetS in the northeast of China. Male gender, increasing age, mental labor, famil...

Association and interaction of APOA5, BUD13, CETP, LIPA and health-related behavior with metabolic syndrome in a Taiwanese population

“…Another promising finding in the present study was an interaction between these genes and environmental factors in MetS and its individual components. In accordance with our analysis, Wu et al reported that APOA5 rs662799 had a positive interaction with environmental factors, such as tobacco use and alcohol consumption, on MetS with participations in China32. Likewise, a previous study by Hiramatsu et al found the synergistic effects of APOA5 rs662799 and the rs6929846 SNP of the butyrophilin subfamily 2 member A1 ( BTN2A1 ) gene on the development of MetS in Japanese individuals33.…”

“…Our analysis also implicated the interaction effect between APOA5 rs662799 and smoking on high triglyceride (OR = 3.42) or low HDL (OR = 2.62) as well as the interaction effect between CETP rs820299 and physical activity on high waist circumference (OR = 1.44). According to our and previous results32, smoking seems to cause increased health risks, especially for the individuals with the CT and CC genotypes of APOA5 rs662799.…”

Associations of vegetable and fruit consumption with metabolic syndrome. A meta-analysis of observational studies

“…The criteria for MetS were those of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III in eighteen articles (16)(17)(18)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)27,28,30,32,(34)(35)(36)(38)(39)(40) , the International Diabetes Federation in three (19,20,33) and the American Heart Association in two studies (7,26) . Moreover, the criteria proposed by Alberti et al were used in two studies (29,37) . Finally, sixteen (16,17,20,21,(23)(24)(25)27,30,32,34,35,(37)(38)(39)(40) , sixteen (16,17,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(27)…”

“…Moreover, the criteria proposed by Alberti et al were used in two studies (29,37) . Finally, sixteen (16,17,20,21,(23)(24)(25)27,30,32,34,35,(37)(38)(39)(40) , sixteen (16,17,(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(27)(28)(29)(30)33,34,35,37,39) and eight articles (7,16,18,19,26,31,36,39) were related to the associations of vegetable, fruit, and vegetable and fruit consumption with MetS, respectively.…”

Association Between MspI Polymorphisms of the Apolipoprotein A-I Gene and Hyperlipidemia in an Iranian Population

“…ApoAI gene is a part of the apolipoprotein apoAI/CIII/AIV gene cluster located on chromosome 11q23 (16). The apoAI gene SNPs were evaluated under different conditions, such as obesity (17,18), myocardial infarction (19)(20)(21)(22), diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (23,24). (G-75A) and (C83T), the most important polymorphic sites in the apoAI gene, are located in the upstream regulatory region and the first intron of apoAI gene, respectively (14).…”