Interactive decentralized operation with effective presence of renewable energies using multi-agent systems

Intelligent Multi-Agent Systems for Advanced Geotechnical Monitoring

“…• Solution: Integrating renewable energy sources like mini solar panels or vibration energy harvesters can extend the operational lifespan of agents. Additionally, agents can be designed to go into a low-power mode during periods of inactivity or less critical monitoring phases [37].…”

Decentralized bi-level stochastic optimization approach for multi-agent multi-energy networked micro-grids with multi-energy storage technologies

“…On the other hand, the decentralized framework is more robust and less intricate, where the agents based on the applied structure, which is hierarchical or distributed strategies. In this system, the limited data is permitted to exchange between the local controllers [17]. Hence, decentralized energy management is capable to operate the networked MEMGs in a MAS structure with diverse network topologies.…”

A stochastic decentralized model for the privately interactive operation of a multi-carrier energy system

“…Also, the models have not seen both the cost function of renewable agents and interaction with the upstream network as a second-order basis. Although this gap is filled in [40] and the renewable agent can independently act as a price-maker agent, the uncertainty of renewable generation is ignored. Similarly, the fully-decentralized framework is implemented for a multi-carrier system in [41] without any emphasis on the uncertain data.…”

“…𝑝 𝑐ℎ 𝑒𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 and 𝑝 𝑑𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑠𝑀𝑎𝑥 are the maximum charging/discharging rates at time t. Also, 𝜂 𝑐ℎ 𝑒𝑠 and 𝜂 𝑑𝑖𝑠 𝑒𝑠 are charging and discharging efficiencies, respectively. 𝑝 𝑟𝑒𝑞 𝑒𝑠 is the required power from the battery storage [40]. If this power is positive, the battery goes to a discharging state according to Eq.…”