Interactive effects of temperature and CO2 on efficacy of insecticides against Spodoptera litura Fab. in a global warming context

Rao, M. S.; Sreelakshmi, P.; Deekshita, K.; Vanaja, M.; Srinivas, I.; Maheswari, M.; Srinivas, K.; Reddy, K. Sammi; Bhaskar, S.; Chary, G. Ravindra

doi:10.1007/s12600-020-00854-z

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…However, Rao et al . reported that elevated CO 2 reduces the toxicity effect of spinosad against Spodoptera litura on peanuts 51 . This is different from our results, it is likely because of direct or indirect of elevated CO 2 effects on insects.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated CO₂ on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress

Fan

Qian

Chen

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Elevated CO2 can directly affect the toxicity of insecticides to insects and the physiological response of insects to insecticides. Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa are highly destructive pests that target horticultural crops. Spinetoram is an effective pesticide against thrips. This study sought to explore the effect of elevated CO2 on efficacy of spinetoram against F. occidentalis and F. intonsa and effect of the spinetoram on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes under elevated CO2. Notably, these enzymes can be exploited in further studies to develop interventions for thrips resistance management. RESULTS Toxicity bioassay showed that the LC50 values of F. occidentalis and F. intonsa exposed to spinetoram at elevated CO2 (800 μL L−1 concentration) for 48 h was 0.08 and 0.006 mg L−1, respectively, which is 0.62 and 0.75 times of the values at ambient CO2 (400 μL L−1 concentration). The findings showed that elevated CO2 decreased activities of the superoxide dismutase and acetylcholinesterase in thrips, while increasing the activities of carboxylesterase and glutathione S‐transferase. However, spinetoram increased activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in both thrips under the two CO2 levels. Elevated CO2 and spinetoram affect the physiological enzyme activity in thrips synergistically, and the activities of analyzed enzymes were generally higher in F. occidentalis than in F. intonsa. CONCLUSION Elevated CO2 amplifies the efficacy of spinetoram on thrips, F. intonsa is more susceptibility to spinetoram than F. occidentalis and the latter showed better adaptation to adverse conditions than the former. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Effects of elevated CO₂ on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress

Fan

Qian

Chen

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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“…In addition to the evolution of pest resistance to insecticides, conditional resistance can result from the reduction of insect's susceptibility to insecticides under changed environmental conditions [34]. Rao et al found that in S. litura, higher CO2 concentrations caused higher LC50 values for spinosad and deltamethrin, while it caused lower LC50 values for flubendiamide, emamectin benzoate, and quinalphos, indicating that the comprehensive influence of eCO2 on insect resistance depends on the pesticide type [17]. In this study, FAWA was more susceptible to chlorantraniliprole than FEWE in three generations Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) data of selected genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is important to study the comprehensive effects of eCO 2 on insects and plants, as both insects and their host plants are exposed to eCO 2 stress. Rao et al found that in the Spodoptera litura Fab-peanut system, eCO 2 caused a higher LC 50 value of spinosad and deltamethrin with a comprehensive impact, showing a 'reduction of toxicity' [17]. In addition, the susceptibility of the brown plant hopper Nilaparvata lugens to triazophos was significantly decreased in eCO 2 compared to aCO 2 levels [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration on Host Adaptability and Chlorantraniliprole Susceptibility in Spodoptera frugiperda

Sun

et al. 2022

Insects

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Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations (eCO2) can affect both herbivorous insects and their host plants. The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a highly polyphagous agricultural pest that may attack more than 350 host plant species and has developed resistance to both conventional and novel-action insecticides. However, the effects of eCO2 on host adaptability and insecticide resistance of FAW are unclear. We hypothesized that eCO2 might affect insecticide resistance of FAW by affecting its host plants. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the effect of eCO2 on (1) FAW’s susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole after feeding on wheat, (2) FAW’s population performance traits (including the growth and reproduction), and (3) changes in gene expression in the FAW by transcriptome sequencing. The toxicity of chlorantraniliprole against the FAW under eCO2 (800 µL/L) stress showed that the LC50 values were 2.40, 2.06, and 1.46 times the values at the ambient CO2 concentration (400 µL/L, aCO2) for the three generations, respectively. Under eCO2, the life span of pupae and adults and the total number of generations were significantly shorter than the FAW under aCO2. Compared to the aCO2 treatment, the weights of the 3rd and 4th instar larvae and pupae of FAW under eCO2 were significantly heavier. Transcriptome sequencing results showed that more than 79 detoxification enzyme genes in FAW were upregulated under eCO2 treatment, including 40 P450, 5 CarE, 17 ABC, and 7 UGT genes. Our results showed that eCO2 increased the population performance of FAW on wheat and reduced its susceptibility to chlorantraniliprole by inducing the expression of detoxification enzyme genes. This study has important implications for assessing the damage of FAW in the future under the environment of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration.

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“…Despite the fact that the modern chemical pesticides can be safe when all application regulations are respected , the insecticides might be applied under suboptimal conditions. The examples of such situations include unsuitable abiotic factors (Amarasekare, Edelson, 2004;Rao et al, 2021) and inappropriate developmental stages of the pests (Vivan et al, 2017;Stejskal et al, 2021), forcing the farmers to remarkably increase dosage and frequency of insecticide application. For these reasons, alternative means of pest control are of great importance, including entomopathogenic microorganisms which do not pollute the environment yet persist in pest populations causing either acute infections providing either relatively fast killing or chronic diseases affecting pest viability with transgenerational effects (Lewis et al, 2006;Solter et al, 2012;Litwin et al, 2020;Deka et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spore yield of the microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 is influenced the insect host rearing temperature and diet composition

et al. 2023

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The microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 is an important mortality factor of the stem borers of the genus Ostrinia and may be used to control other lepidopteran pests. Rearing conditions (temperature regime and diet composition) of the laboratory host Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée, 1854) (Pyraloidea: Crambidae) were compared in terms of their influence on N. pyrausta spore production, estimated as the mean spore number per host pupa. At lowered temperature (+20 °C), most of the experimental insects died at the larval stage, and in survived pupae, the microsporidium spore yield was below 8 × 10 6 spores/pupa. At the temperature of +24 °C, which is supposed to be the optimal for the insect laboratory culture exploited, N. pyrausta spore yield was about 50 × 10 6 spores/pupa. At increased temperature (+28 °C), the parasite spore yield was not higher than 28 × 10 6 spores/pupa. The mean spore yield values were significantly different between the variants of the three thermal regimes at 99% confidence level. The microsporidium spore production was further compared in insects fed with a standard corn flour-based diet vs modified diet (corn flour mixed with soybean flour at an equal proportion), reared at + 24 °C. Insect feeding with the modified diet caused an increase of the average spore yield by 35% (70 × 10 6 vs 52 × 10 6 spores/pupa obtained using the standard diet). Similarly, the weight of the pupae reared on the modified diet was 33% higher (0.0721 g vs 0.0542 g on the standard diet). Both the spore yield and the pupal weight values were significantly different between the two diet types at 95% confidence level. This provides one logical explanation of the parasite spore production increase as conditioned by the insect host weight increment. These observations indicate that +24 °C is the optimal thermal regime for N. pyrausta spore production which can further be augmented by supplementing diet of infected Ostrinia furnacalis larvae with soybean flour.

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Interactive effects of temperature and CO2 on efficacy of insecticides against Spodoptera litura Fab. in a global warming context

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of elevated CO₂ on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress

Effects of elevated CO₂ on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress

Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration on Host Adaptability and Chlorantraniliprole Susceptibility in Spodoptera frugiperda

Spore yield of the microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 is influenced the insect host rearing temperature and diet composition

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Interactive effects of temperature and CO2 on efficacy of insecticides against Spodoptera litura Fab. in a global warming context

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of elevated CO2 on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress

Effects of elevated CO2 on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress

Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration on Host Adaptability and Chlorantraniliprole Susceptibility in Spodoptera frugiperda

Spore yield of the microsporidium Nosema pyrausta (Paillot) Weiser, 1961 is influenced the insect host rearing temperature and diet composition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of elevated CO₂ on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress

Effects of elevated CO₂ on activities of protective and detoxifying enzymes in Frankliniella occidentalis and F. intonsa under spinetoram stress