Interactive wayfinding: Use of cues by men and women

Devlin, Ann Sloan; Bernstein, Jason

doi:10.1016/0272-4944(95)90012-8

Cited by 100 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…For each analysis, we normalized the number of choices of a particular type based on the probability to make that choice. 14,16,18) and Equ OUT (locations 2, 6, 10) were divided by three and the number of Other choices (locations 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11) was divided by six.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, gender differences in spatial abilities have been assessed using a variety of paradigms including mental rotation tasks ( [1,7,15,40,42,50,53]; see [41] for a review), wayfinding tasks [16,31,43,44,47], environmental pointing tasks [7,23], or object-in-location tasks [14,19,43,50]. Interestingly, although each of these paradigms assesses some aspects of spatial cognition, they do not test allocentric spatial memory, the ability to learn and remember a spatial relational representation of the environment independent of the individual's position within that environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial relational learning and memory abilities do not differ between men and women in a real-world, open-field environment

Lavenex

2010

Behavioural Brain Research

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This study assesses gender differences in spatial and non-spatial relational learning and memory in adult humans behaving freely in a real-world, open-field environment. In Experiment 1, we tested the use of proximal landmarks as conditional cues allowing subjects to predict the location of rewards hidden in one of two sets of three distinct locations. Subjects were tested in two different conditions: (1) when local visual cues marked the potentially-rewarded locations, and (2) when no local visual cues marked the potentially-rewarded locations. We found that only 17 of 20 adults (8 males, 9 females) used the proximal landmarks to predict the locations of the rewards. Although females exhibited higher exploratory behavior at the beginning of testing, males and females discriminated the potentially-rewarded locations similarly when local visual cues were present. Interestingly, when the spatial and local information conflicted in predicting the reward locations, males considered both spatial and local information, whereas females ignored the spatial information. However, in the absence of local visual cues females discriminated the potentially-rewarded locations as well as males. In Experiment 2, subjects (9 males, 9 females) were tested with three asymmetrically-arranged rewarded locations, which were marked by local cues on alternate trials. Again, females discriminated the rewarded locations as well as males in the presence or absence of local cues. In sum, although particular aspects of task performance might differ between genders, we found no evidence that women have poorer allocentric spatial relational learning and memory abilities than men in a real-world, open-field environment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial relational learning and memory abilities do not differ between men and women in a real-world, open-field environment

Lavenex

2010

Behavioural Brain Research

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“…In addition, researchers have observed that women prefer landmark navigation and demonstrate better spatial recall than men (Galea & Kimura, 1993;Tottenham, Saucier, Elias, & Gutwin, 2003). Finally, men consistently self-report more confidence in their navigation abilities (Devlin, 2003;Devlin & Bernstein, 1995Holding, 1992) and less anxiety upon finding themselves lost. Most interesting, when asked to judge the sex of unknown persons from the directions they give to a novel location, both sexes demonstrate a strong bias conforming to stereotypical sex differences that in fact did not exist among those original direction-givers (Devlin, 2003).…”

Section: Cognitive Maps and The Geometry Of Spatial Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Do Humans Integrate Routes Into a Cognitive Map? Map- Versus Landmark-Based Navigation of Novel Shortcuts.

Foo

Warren

Duchon

et al. 2005

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

327

291

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Do humans integrate experience on specific routes into metric survey knowledge of the environment, or do they depend on a simpler strategy of landmark navigation? The authors tested this question using a novel shortcut paradigm during walking in a virtual environment. The authors find that participants could not take successful shortcuts in a desert world but could do so with dispersed landmarks in a forest. On catch trials, participants were drawn toward the displaced landmarks whether the landmarks were clustered near the target location or along the shortcut route. However, when landmarks appeared unreliable, participants fell back on coarse survey knowledge. Like honeybees (F. C. Dyer, 1991), humans do not appear to derive accurate cognitive maps from path integration to guide navigation but, instead, depend on landmarks when they are available.

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“…There is a long tradition of survey and observational work that has examined and measured the role of an array of factors that govern way-finding, particularly in addressing individual differences in way-finding and navigation routines [345][346][347]. Computational streetscape models have been employed to explore, in simulation, several themes around the agency invoked in navigation and way-finding dynamics, for example, what impact the complexity of tasks might have on those dynamics [348], as well as the role that distance and direction heuristics might play in how navigation and way-finding behaviors are actuated on streetscapes [336,338,349].…”

Section: Navigation and Way-findingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Streetscapes

Torrens

2016

Computation

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Abstract:Streetscapes have presented a long-standing interest in many fields. Recently, there has been a resurgence of attention on streetscape issues, catalyzed in large part by computing. Because of computing, there is more understanding, vistas, data, and analysis of and on streetscape phenomena than ever before. This diversity of lenses trained on streetscapes permits us to address long-standing questions, such as how people use information while mobile, how interactions with people and things occur on streets, how we might safeguard crowds, how we can design services to assist pedestrians, and how we could better support special populations as they traverse cities. Amid each of these avenues of inquiry, computing is facilitating new ways of posing these questions, particularly by expanding the scope of what-if exploration that is possible. With assistance from computing, consideration of streetscapes now reaches across scales, from the neurological interactions that form among place cells in the brain up to informatics that afford real-time views of activity over whole urban spaces. For some streetscape phenomena, computing allows us to build realistic but synthetic facsimiles in computation, which can function as artificial laboratories for testing ideas. In this paper, I review the domain science for studying streetscapes from vantages in physics, urban studies, animation and the visual arts, psychology, biology, and behavioral geography. I also review the computational developments shaping streetscape science, with particular emphasis on modeling and simulation as informed by data acquisition and generation, data models, path-planning heuristics, artificial intelligence for navigation and way-finding, timing, synthetic vision, steering routines, kinematics, and geometrical treatment of collision detection and avoidance. I also discuss the implications that the advances in computing streetscapes might have on emerging developments in cyber-physical systems and new developments in urban computing and mobile computing.

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Interactive wayfinding: Use of cues by men and women

Cited by 100 publications

References 52 publications

Spatial relational learning and memory abilities do not differ between men and women in a real-world, open-field environment

Spatial relational learning and memory abilities do not differ between men and women in a real-world, open-field environment

Do Humans Integrate Routes Into a Cognitive Map? Map- Versus Landmark-Based Navigation of Novel Shortcuts.

Computational Streetscapes

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