Interannual Climate Variability over the Tropical Pacific Ocean Induced by the Indian Ocean Dipole through the Indonesian Throughflow

Yuan, Dongliang; Zou, Hui; Zhao, Xia

doi:10.1175/jcli-d-12-00117.1

Cited by 94 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The enhanced transport leads to thermocline elevations that generate an upwelling Kelvin wave, which propagates to the eastern equatorial Pacifi c Ocean favoring anomalous cooling in the Pacifi c cold tongue with a one-year time lag. This oceanic channel dynamic has been supported by lag correlation analysis of observational data (Yuan et al, 2013). The results have shown signifi cant correlations between STIO SSTA or sea surface height anomalies (SSHA) in fall and SSTA, SSHA, and subsurface temperature anomalies in the central and eastern equatorial Pacifi c Ocean with a one-year time lag.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Studies have also suggested that IOD events can affect tropical Pacifi c sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) (Wu and Kirtman, 2004;Annamalai et al, 2005;Xie et al, 2009;Luo et al, 2010;Okomura and Deser, 2010). The mechanisms of IOD forcing on the equatorial Pacifi c have been attributed to the atmospheric bridge process through the Walker circulation (Ohba et al, 2010;Kug and Ham, 2012;Santoso et al, 2012), and/or to the oceanic channel dynamics through the Indonesian throughfl ow (ITF) (Yuan et al, 2011(Yuan et al, , 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have suggested that the IOD index could provide improved prediction of the ENSO beyond the spring predictability barrier (Dominiak and Terray, 2005;Izumo et al, 2010Izumo et al, , 2013Yuan et al, 2013). The dynamics responsible for the enhanced predictability have been attributed to the atmospheric bridge (Izumo et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, lag correlations between surface zonal wind anomalies (SZWA) in the far western equatorial Pacifi c in fall and SZWA, SSTA, and SSHA with a one-year time lag are insignifi cant. Therefore, oceanic channel dynamics, rather than atmospheric bridge processes, are the dominant mechanism for the enhanced predictability of the IOD-forced ENSO (Yuan et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why does the IOD-ENSO teleconnection disappear in some decades?

Yuan

2014

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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Lag correlations between sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) in the southeastern tropical Indian Ocean (STIO) in fall and Niño 3.4 SSTA in the eastern equatorial Pacifi c in the following fall are subjected to decadal variation, with positive correlations during some decades and negative correlations during others. Negative correlations are smaller and of shorter duration than positive correlations. Variations in lag correlations suggest that the use of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) as a predictor of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) at a lead time of one year is not effective during some decades. In this study, lag correlations between IOD and ENSO anomalies were analyzed to investigate why the IOD-ENSO teleconnection disappears during decades with negative correlations. Anomalies induced by the IOD in the equatorial Pacifi c Ocean during decades with negative correlations are still present, but at a greater depth than in decades with positive correlations, resulting in a lack of response to oceanic channel dynamics in the cold tongue SSTA. Lag correlations between oceanic anomalies in the west Pacifi c warm pool in fall and the equatorial Pacifi c cold tongue with a one-year time lag are signifi cantly positive during decades with negative correlations. These results suggest that oceanic channel dynamics are overwhelmed by oceanatmosphere coupling over the equatorial Pacifi c Ocean during decades with negative correlations. Therefore, the Indonesian throughfl ow is not effective as a link between IOD signals and the equatorial Pacifi c ENSO.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Why does the IOD-ENSO teleconnection disappear in some decades?

Yuan

2014

Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol.

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“…From observational data it cannot be decided which mechanism is more relevant and in fact other mechanisms might also play a role, such as variability in the Indonesian Throughflow induced by SSH anomalies in the southeastern IO (Yuan et al 2011(Yuan et al , 2013. Modeling studies are necessary to disentangle cause and consequences, especially concerning influences on the WWV, and investigate important issues such as how the wind anomalies propagate from the IO to the PO on interannual time scales and how this might influence the burstiness.…”

Section: Summary Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent Tropical Indo-Pacific Interannual Climate Variability

et al. 2016

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A multichannel singular spectrum analysis (MSSA) applied simultaneously to tropical sea surface temperature (SST), zonal wind, and burstiness (zonal wind variability) reveals three significant oscillatory modes. They all show a strong ENSO signal in the eastern Pacific Ocean (PO) but also a substantial SST signal in the western Indian Ocean (IO). A correlation-based analysis shows that the western IO signal contains linearly independent information on ENSO. Of the three Indo-Pacific ENSO modes of the MSSA, one resembles a central Pacific (CP) El Niño, while the others represent eastern Pacific (EP) El Niños, which either start in the central Pacific and grow eastward (EPe) or start near Peru and grow westward (EPw). A composite analysis shows that EPw El Niños are preceded by cooling in the western IO about 15 months earlier. Two mechanisms are discussed by which the western IO might influence ENSO. In the atmospheric bridge mechanism, subsidence over the cool western IO in autumn (year 0) leads to enhanced convection above Indonesia, strengthening easterlies over the western PO, and the creation of a large warm water volume. This is essential for the creation of (EP) El Niños in the following spring-summer. In the state-dependent noise mechanism, a cool western IO favors a strong intraseasonal zonal wind variability over the western PO in early spring (year 1), which can partly be attributed to the Madden-Julian oscillation. This intraseasonal variability induces Kelvin waves, which in early spring lead to a strong warming of the eastern PO and can initiate EPw El Niños.

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Local feedback mechanisms of the shallow water region around the Maritime Continent

et al. 2014

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The focus of this study is the local-scale air-sea feedback mechanisms over the shallow shelf water region (water depth <200 m) of the Maritime Continent (MC). MC was selected as a pilot study site for its extensive shallow water coverage, geographic complexity, and importance in the global climate system. To identify the local-scale air-sea feedback processes, we ran numerical experiments with perturbed surface layer water temperature using a coupled ocean-atmosphere model and an uncoupled ocean model. By examining the responses of the coupled and uncoupled models to the water temperature perturbation, we identify that, at a local-scale, a negative feedback process through the coupled dynamics that tends to restore the SST from its perturbation could dominate the shallow water region of the MC at a short time scale of several days. The energy budget shows that 38% of initial perturbation-induced heat energy was adjusted through the air-sea feedback mechanisms within 2 weeks, of which 58% is directly transferred into the atmosphere by the adjustment of latent heat flux due to the evaporative cooling mechanism. The increased inputs of heat and moisture into the lower atmosphere then modifies its thermal structure and increases the formation of low-level clouds, which act as a shield preventing incoming solar radiation from reaching the sea surface, accounts for 38% of the total adjustment of surface heat fluxes, serving as the second mechanism for the negative feedback process. The adjustment of sensible heat flux and net longwave radiation play a secondary role. The response of the coupled system to the SST perturbation suggests a response time scale of the coupled feedback process of about 3-5 days. The two-way air-sea feedback tightly links the surface heat fluxes, clouds and SST, and can play an important role in regulating the shortterm variability of the SST over the shallow shelf water regions.

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Interannual Climate Variability over the Tropical Pacific Ocean Induced by the Indian Ocean Dipole through the Indonesian Throughflow

Cited by 94 publications

References 53 publications

Why does the IOD-ENSO teleconnection disappear in some decades?

Why does the IOD-ENSO teleconnection disappear in some decades?

Coherent Tropical Indo-Pacific Interannual Climate Variability

Local feedback mechanisms of the shallow water region around the Maritime Continent

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