Interannual Covariance between Japan Summer Precipitation and Western North Pacific SST

Fukutome, Sophie; Frei, C.; Schär, Christoph

doi:10.2151/jmsj.81.1435

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Due to the drought susceptibility of the plants with large stomata, only those species occurring in humid habitats can sustain larger genomes [56, 58]. Compared with the monsoonal climate which is characterized by obvious precipitation seasonality in subtropical China and the Himalayas [59, 60], the maritime climate of the Japan islands [61] would create relatively more humid habitats that facilitate the evolution of P. japonica toward genomic gigantism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast phylogenomic analysis provides insights into the evolution of the largest eukaryotic genome holder, Paris japonica (Melanthiaceae)

Yang

Liu

et al. 2019

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Robust phylogenies for species with giant genomes and closely related taxa can build evolutionary frameworks for investigating the origin and evolution of these genomic gigantisms. Paris japonica (Melanthiaceae) has the largest genome that has been confirmed in eukaryotes to date; however, its phylogenetic position remains unresolved. As a result, the evolutionary history of the genomic gigantisms in P. japonica remains poorly understood. Results We used next-generation sequencing to generate complete plastomes of P. japonica , P. verticillata , Trillium govanianum , Ypsilandra thibetica and Y. yunnanensis . Together with published plastomes, the infra-familial relationships in Melanthiaceae and infra-generic phylogeny in Paris were investigated, and their divergence times were calculated. The results indicated that the expansion of the ancestral genome of extant Paris and Trillium occurred approximately from 59.16 Mya to 38.21 Mya. The sister relationship between P. japonica and the section Euthyra was recovered, and they diverged around the transition of the Oligocene/Miocene (20 Mya), when the Japan Islands were separated from the continent of Asia. Conclusions The genome size expansion in the most recent common ancestor for Paris and Trillium was most possibly a gradual process that lasted for approximately 20 million years. The divergence of P. japonica (section Kinugasa ) and other taxa with thick rhizome may have been triggered by the isolation of the Japan Islands from the continent of Asia. This long-term separation, since the Oligocene/Miocene boundary, would have played an important role in the formation and evolution of the genomic gigantism in P. japonica. Moreover, our results support the taxonomic treatment of Paris as a genus rather than dividing it into three genera, but do not support the recognition of T. govanianum as the separate genus Trillidium . Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-019-1879-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chloroplast phylogenomic analysis provides insights into the evolution of the largest eukaryotic genome holder, Paris japonica (Melanthiaceae)

Yang

Liu

et al. 2019

BMC Plant Biol

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“…However, the impact of summer SSTs over the Sea of Japan on heavy precipitation has not yet been examined, despite the particular sea being one of the hot spots of global SST warming (Japan Meteorological Agency, ; Wu et al, ). In fact, a statistical analysis based on monthly and/or seasonal mean fields showed negative correlation between monthly anomalies in summertime precipitation over Japan and SSTs over the surrounding oceans, including the East China Sea, the Sea of Japan, and the Kuroshio‐Oyashio Extension region (Fukutome et al, ). The enhanced descending motion associated with the Bonin High, a summertime subtropical anticyclone over the western North Pacific, causes prevailing hot sunny conditions over Japan accompanied by increased SSTs (Enomoto et al, ), and vice versa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of Midlatitude Heavy Precipitation to SST: A Case Study in the Sea of Japan Area on 9 August 2013

Iizuka

Nakamura

2019

JGR Atmospheres

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This study investigates the influence of sea surface temperature (SST) over the Sea of Japan on a heavy precipitation event that occurred over the northern part (Northern Tohoku region) of Japan's largest island on 9 August 2013. Sensitivity experiments with the Weather Research and Forecasting model show that warmer (cooler) SSTs prescribed over the Sea of Japan in the simulations lead to an increase (decrease) in 24‐hr precipitation averaged within the Northern Tohoku region, especially on the Sea of Japan (i.e., windward) side. Though no significant relationship is found between the local maxima and SSTs over the Sea of Japan, those SST values over the Sea of Japan affect the evolution of the intense convective precipitation; higher (lower) SSTs act to shift the location of intense precipitation on the upwind (downwind) side in the present event. The different evolution results in a different interaction with the downstream orography, leading to no significant relationship between the local maxima of intense precipitation and SSTs. The differences arise from the sensitivity of convective updraft to SSTs. The simulations thus suggest that uncertainties in currently available SST products may alter both the area‐averaged precipitation and the geographical locations of intense precipitation, which can potentially impact flash flood and landslide warnings.

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“…It then gradually retreats in September (e.g., Kang et al 1999;Lau 1992). Fukutome et al (2003) identified the particular sea surface temperature (SST) correlation feature with the variation of summer precipitation in Japan. They showed that the SST pattern displays a zonally elongated dipole with opposite SST anomalies on either side of approximately 30°N.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Soil Moisture Anomalies on Summer Rainfall over East Asia: A Regional Climate Model Study

Kim

Hong

2007

Journal of Climate

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Numerous modeling studies have shown that soil moisture anomalies in later spring have a significant effect on the summer rainfall anomalies in North America. On the other hand, the role of soil moisture in forming monsoonal precipitation in East Asia has not been identified. This study attempts to clarify the importance of soil moisture on the summer rainfall in late spring in East Asia. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Regional Spectral Model (RSM) is utilized for 3-month (June-August) simulations in 1998 (above-normal precipitation year) and 1997 (below-normal precipitation year). Initial and boundary conditions are derived from the NCEP-Department of Energy (DOE) reanalysis. The control run uses the initial soil moisture from the reanalysis, whereas it is set as a saturation and wilting point for "wet" and "dry" experiments, respectively.The impact of soil moisture anomalies on the simulated summer rainfall in East Asia is not significant. The change in precipitation between the wet and dry experiments is about 10%. A conflict between the local feedback of soil moisture and a change in large-scale circulations associated with the summertime monsoonal circulation in East Asia can be attributed as a reason for this anomaly. It is found that enhanced (suppressed) evaporation from the soil to the atmosphere in wet (dry) initial soil moisture reduces (increases) the land-sea contrast between East Asia and the Pacific Ocean, leading to a weakened sensitivity of the monsoonal circulations to the initial soil moisture. It can be concluded that the impact of the initial soil moisture is significant on the dynamic circulation in East Asia.

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Interannual Covariance between Japan Summer Precipitation and Western North Pacific SST

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Chloroplast phylogenomic analysis provides insights into the evolution of the largest eukaryotic genome holder, Paris japonica (Melanthiaceae)

Chloroplast phylogenomic analysis provides insights into the evolution of the largest eukaryotic genome holder, Paris japonica (Melanthiaceae)

Sensitivity of Midlatitude Heavy Precipitation to SST: A Case Study in the Sea of Japan Area on 9 August 2013

Impact of Soil Moisture Anomalies on Summer Rainfall over East Asia: A Regional Climate Model Study

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