Interannual variation of spring phytoplankton bloom and response to turbulent energy generated by atmospheric forcing in the central Southern Yellow Sea of China: Satellite observations and numerical model study

Shi, Jie; Liu, Y.; Mao, Xinyan; Guo, Xinyu; Wei, Hao; Gao, Huiwang

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2016.06.008

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In autumn and winter, the chl-a concentration is generally low (<1.0 mg/m 3 ) except in the Haizhou Bay and Seohan Bay, and its spatial variability was not significant. In April, the decreasing turbulent kinetic energy and the stratification in the Yellow Sea center induces a relatively high chl-a concentration (>2.0 mg/m 3 ) offshore at depths greater than 40 m, which was consistent with in situ observations (e.g., [34]) and other satellite results (e.g., [35]). As indicated by [36], topography plays an important role in the seasonal pattern of chl-a in the YB sea, which is consistent with the results discussed above.…”

Section: Satellite-derived Monthly Chl-a Patternsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In April, both the weakening wind and increased heating reduced the turbulent energy and increased the stability of the hydrographical structure in the deep waters of the Yellow Sea, which created a suitable hydrodynamic environment for chl-a accumulation in the upper layer and consequently for a spring bloom [35,42]. This spring bloom induced higher concentrations of offshore chl-a, which were even slightly higher than those in the coastal region (Figure 2).…”

Section: Interpretation Of Signatures Of the Chl-a Fronts Based On Physical Oceanographymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Surface Chlorophyll-A Fronts in the Yellow and Bohai Seas Based on Satellite Data

Liu

Lin

et al. 2021

JMSE

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Chlorophyll fronts are important to monitor and map the oceanic front, especially in the season when sea surface temperature (SST) fronts weaken. In this study, surface chlorophyll-a (chl-a) fronts in the Yellow and Bohai seas were characterized for the first time using satellite data. Five distinct chl-a fronts (i.e., the Bohai Strait, Shandong Peninsula, Jiangsu, Liaodong Peninsula, and Korean Peninsula fronts) were observed in summer along the 40 m isobaths and faded in other seasons. Notably, these fronts coincided with SST fronts. Strong chl-a fronts emerged during summer due to chl-a blooms in eutrophic coastal waters paired with surface chl-a fading in strongly stratified offshore waters and coastal physical fronts. Although SST fronts were strong during winter, light limitation and strong vertical mixing in offshore waters led to low chl-a in both coastal and offshore waters, suppressing chl-a front formation. Both chl-a and SST fronts coincided with steep seabed slopes (slope ratio > 1), suggesting that seabed slope may be an indicator of oceanic front location.

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Section: Satellite-derived Monthly Chl-a Patternsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Interpretation Of Signatures Of the Chl-a Fronts Based On Physical Oceanographymentioning

confidence: 98%

Surface Chlorophyll-A Fronts in the Yellow and Bohai Seas Based on Satellite Data

Liu

Lin

et al. 2021

JMSE

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“…One may, therefore, expect the causal link between the large‐scale climatic pattern and thermocline mixing. This has important implications for understanding the reported correlations between the climatic variability and ecosystem parameters in seasonally stratified shelf seas (Boulton & Lenton, 2015; Shi et al., 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent Intense Thermocline Shear Associated With Wind‐Forced Near‐Inertial Internal Waves in a Summer Stratified Temperate Shelf Sea

et al. 2021

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Thermocline shear (i.e., velocity shear in the thermocline) lies at the heart of stratified shelf sea systems, regulating the vertical mixing and transport of mass and biogeochemical constituents. Based on year‐long moored ADCP measurements in the southern Yellow Sea (YS), the baroclinic kinetic energy and thermocline shear are investigated in this study. The rotary spectra analysis of the velocity measurements and numerical simulations with the slab model demonstrate that the wind‐forced near‐inertial internal waves (NIWs) contribute most of the baroclinic kinetic energy (50%) and thermocline shear (55%) in this stratified temperate shelf sea. The NIWs are mostly in the first two modes and are frequently generated during the warm season, associated with the presence of strong stratification and disturbances from extratropical cyclones. Most interestingly, the observed thermocline shear shows intermittent enhanced near‐inertial shear in the YS for the first time. Further analysis reveals that the thermocline shear is in the form of a clockwise rotating vector with the shear maxima (hereafter the shear spike) occurring at an angle of ∼90° to the right of the wind vector. These shear spikes, which prevail in warm seasons, are further demonstrated to be related to the wind‐shear‐alignment mechanism through comparing with a theoretical shear production model. Given the prevalence of shear spikes in warm seasons, this process is believed to have important implications in inducing thermocline mixing, which may further modulate nutrients cycling and help the maintenance of primary productivity in seasonally stratified shelf seas.

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“…Previous applications of MODIS products have validated their use in East China marginal seas (He et al, 2013; Liu & Wang, 2013; Sun et al, 2010; Tang et al, 2006; Yamaguchi et al, 2012). Specifically, a positive correlation has been shown between the MODIS/Aqua retrieval data and in situ Chl‐a values on the logarithmic scale in the YS (He et al, 2013; Shi et al, 2017). Consequently, it is feasible to use the MODIS products to determine spatiotemporal SST and Chl‐a patterns.…”

Section: Materials and Data Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Physical Fronts and Associated Biogeochemical‐Ecological Effects off the Jiangsu Shoal in the Western Yellow Sea, China

Sun

Yao

et al. 2020

JGR Oceans

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The Jiangsu Shoal and its adjacent area in the western Yellow Sea (YS) have become hotspots of ecological disasters in China and have attracted considerable attention. Based on remote sensing and field observations in this region, we investigated the physical fronts and their seasonal variations and clarified the spatiotemporal patterns of physical-biogeochemical factors as well as their interactions and synergies. The results show that pronounced physical fronts were present in the study area. Specifically, arc-and "S"-shaped thermal fronts existed off the shoal in summer and winter, respectively. The saline front largely expanded southeastward in spring, autumn, and winter, while it expanded northeastward in summer. The turbidity over the shoal was high year-round, and a marked turbidity front was formed between the nearshore water and the offshore seawater. The seasonal patterns and variations of the physical fronts significantly influenced material transport. During cold seasons, the frontal system was responsible for the significant turbid water plume expanding in a southeastern direction from the Jiangsu Coast. In summer, the arc-shaped thermal front confined the turbid water within the shoal. The expansion of excess dissolved inorganic nitrogen was consistent with the saline front, and the vertical transport of nutrients by upwelling occurred off the shoal in summer. Due to favorable conditions, the frontal region off the shoal is prone to high chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and may act as oases in either summer or winter. A conceptual diagram is assembled to provide an overview of physical-biogeochemical-ecological interactions off the Jiangsu Shoal in the western YS. Plain Language Summary The frequent occurrence of ecological disasters has posed a substantial threat to the western Yellow Sea (YS) ecosystem in recent years. Studying the environmental characteristics and biogeochemical processes in this area can contribute to an understanding of regional oceanography and lay a foundation for research on relevant ecological processes. Here, specific research on the physical fronts in the western YS and their seasonal variations was conducted, and the spatial-temporal patterns of physical-biogeochemical factors as well as their interactions and synergies in this region were explored. We show that pronounced thermohaline and turbidity fronts exist in the Jiangsu Shoal and its adjacent area. The distribution morphology and seasonal variations of thermohaline fronts potentially influence material transport. The frontal region off the Jiangsu Shoal is prone to high chlorophyll a in either summer or winter. The Jiangsu Shoal front could also play a role in shaping the distributions of ecological disasters (e.g., algae and jellyfish blooms). This work offers an overview of the coupled hydro-biogeochemical processes and ecological effects in the western YS and provides a scientific basis for the depiction of physical-biogeochemical dynamics.

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Interannual variation of spring phytoplankton bloom and response to turbulent energy generated by atmospheric forcing in the central Southern Yellow Sea of China: Satellite observations and numerical model study

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Surface Chlorophyll-A Fronts in the Yellow and Bohai Seas Based on Satellite Data

Surface Chlorophyll-A Fronts in the Yellow and Bohai Seas Based on Satellite Data

Intermittent Intense Thermocline Shear Associated With Wind‐Forced Near‐Inertial Internal Waves in a Summer Stratified Temperate Shelf Sea

Seasonal Physical Fronts and Associated Biogeochemical‐Ecological Effects off the Jiangsu Shoal in the Western Yellow Sea, China

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