research stage because even state-of-theart Li-S cells do not meet the standards of all key aspects in battery operation; [1][2][3][4] although gravimetric energy density has proven to surpass those of existing lithium-ion batteries, cycle life, roundtrip efficiency, and rate performance are required to be further improved in order to be integrated with emerging battery applications such as electric vehicles and drones. [5,6] A variety of electrode structures, [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] electrolyte conditions, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] and separator treatments [29][30][31][32][33][34] have been introduced to address the fatal capacity fading associated with polysulfide dissolution, electrode volume expansion, and poor conductivity of sulfur. Some representative electrode designs to avoid these fading mechanisms include encapsulating elemental sulfur (S) in conductive porous media or nanomaterial assemblies [35,36] or synthesizing sulfur-embedded polymers. [37][38][39][40][41][42] Both strategies have improved cyclability mainly by mitigating polysulfide dissolution. However, complete encapsulation remains a technical challenge for the former approach, where inevitable defects could lead to polysulfide dissolution especially Polysulfide dissolution into the electrolyte and poor electric conductivity of elemental sulfur are well-known origins for capacity fading in lithium-sulfur batteries. Various smart electrode designs have lately been introduced to avoid these fading mechanisms, most of which demonstrate significantly improved cycle life. Nevertheless, an in-depth understanding on the effect of sulfur microstructure and nanoscale electron transport near sulfur is currently lacking. In this study, the authors report an organized nanocomposite comprising linear sulfur chains and oleylamine-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (O-rGO) to achieve robust cycling performance (81.7% retention after 500 cycles) as well as to investigate the reaction mechanism in different regimes, i.e., S 8 dissolution, polysulfide conversion, and Li 2 S formation. In the nanocomposite, linear sulfur chains terminate with 1,3-diisopropyl benzene are covalently linked to O-rGO. The comparison with control samples that do not contain either the capping of sulfur chains or O-rGO reveals the synergistic interplay between both treatments, simultaneously unveiling the distinct roles of confined sulfur nanodomains and their adjoining electron pathways in different reaction regimes.