Intercellular adhesion and biocide resistance in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilms

Izano, Era A.; Shah, Suhagi; Kaplan, Jeffrey B.

doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2009.01.004

Cited by 70 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Biofilms are well known to display a high degree of resistance to antibiotic and biocide treatments (17,21,32). In agreement with previous studies (5, 10, 13, 26), we confirm here that P. aeruginosa biofilm cells displayed resistance to PAA (an oxidizing agent) and more markedly BAC (a quaternary ammonium compounds) that was greater than that of their planktonic counterparts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dynamics of the Action of Biocides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms

Bridier

Dubois‐Brissonnet

Greub

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

109

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The biocidal activity of peracetic acid (PAA) and benzalkonium chloride (BAC) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms was investigated by using a recently developed confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) method that enables the direct and real-time visualization of cell inactivation within the structure. This technique is based on monitoring the loss of fluorescence that corresponds to the leakage of a fluorophore out of cells due to membrane permeabilization by the biocides. Although this approach has previously been used with success with various Gram-positive species, it is not directly applicable to the visualization of Gram-negative strains such as P. aeruginosa, particularly because of limitations regarding fluorescence staining. After adapting the staining procedure to P. aeruginosa, the action of PAA and BAC on the biofilm formed by strain ATCC 15442 was investigated. The results revealed specific inactivation patterns as a function of the mode of action of the biocides. While PAA treatment triggered a uniform loss of fluorescence in the structure, the action of BAC was first localized at the periphery of cell clusters and then gradually spread throughout the biofilm. Visualization of the action of BAC in biofilms formed by three clinical isolates then confirmed the presence of a delay in penetration, showing that diffusion-reaction limitations could provide a major explanation for the resistance of P. aeruginosa biofilms to this biocide. Biochemical analysis suggested a key role for extracellular matrix characteristics in these processes.The control of microbial surface contamination is a major concern in terms of public health. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium that is well known to be involved in a large number of human infections (14, 30). Numerous outbreaks have been linked directly to its presence on medical equipment (11,15,16,25). The persistence of this bacterium in the environment can be attributed to its ability to form biofilms that increase its resistance to disinfection treatments. Numerous studies have indeed reported the high resistance of P. aeruginosa biofilms (compared to their planktonic counterparts) to numerous biocides, including chlorine, quaternary ammonium compounds, and aldehydes (5,10,13,26). Although the precise mechanisms underlying this resistance remain unclear, it appears to be a multifactorial process that is primarily related to the physiological and structural characteristics of the biofilm. It is now generally accepted that biofilms constitute heterogeneous structures that group subpopulations with distinct physiological states and resistance phenotypes (28).Data on biocide reactivity within these heterogeneous structures could provide a clearer understanding of the mechanisms involved in biofilm resistance and ultimately facilitate the development of new and more efficient treatments. Recently, a noninvasive technique based on confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) was developed and used to investigate spatial and temporal patterns of antimicrobial...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Dynamics of the Action of Biocides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms

Bridier

Dubois‐Brissonnet

Greub

et al. 2011

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

109

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“…Biofilm formation by all tested NT H. influenzae isolates was sensitive to proteinase K, suggesting that proteins play an important role in adhesion and biofilm formation. Izano et al demonstrated rapid biofilm detachment in eight NT H. influenzae isolates after adding proteinase K and suggested that adhesins existed within the biofilm structure (44). Our study significantly expands this observation based on a large collection of NT H. influenzae isolates from different sources.…”

Section: Fig 3 Distribution Within the Nt H Influenzae Clinical Soursupporting

confidence: 75%

Increased Biofilm Formation by Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Isolates from Patients with Invasive Disease or Otitis Media versus Strains Recovered from Cases of Respiratory Infections

Puig

Domenech

Garmendia

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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f Biofilm formation by nontypeable (NT) Haemophilus influenzae remains a controversial topic. Nevertheless, biofilm-like structures have been observed in the middle-ear mucosa of experimental chinchilla models of otitis media (OM). To date, there have been no studies of biofilm formation in large collections of clinical isolates. This study aimed to investigate the initial adhesion to a solid surface and biofilm formation by NT H. influenzae by comparing isolates from healthy carriers, those with noninvasive respiratory disease, and those with invasive respiratory disease. We used 352 isolates from patients with nonbacteremic community-acquired pneumonia (NB-CAP), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), OM, and invasive disease and a group of healthy colonized children. We then determined the speed of initial adhesion to a solid surface by the BioFilm ring test and quantified biofilm formation by crystal violet staining. Isolates from different clinical sources displayed high levels of biofilm formation on a static solid support after growth for 24 h. We observed clear differences in initial attachment and biofilm formation depending on the pathology associated with NT H. influenzae isolation, with significantly increased biofilm formation for NT H. influenzae isolates collected from patients with invasive disease and OM compared with NT H. influenzae isolates from patients with NB-CAP or COPD and healthy colonized subjects. In all cases, biofilm structures were detached by proteinase K treatment, suggesting an important role for proteins in the initial adhesion and static biofilm formation measured by crystal violet staining.

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“…The key role of e DNA for initial bioWlm formation was shown for S. pneumoniae, E. faecalis, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, H. inXuenzae, and-by our own investigations-N. meningitidis [64][65][66][67][68][69]. Theoretically, DNA in bioWlms can be released by diVerent mechanisms such as autolysis, by DNA containing outer-membrane vesicles or by DNA secretion systems.…”

Section: Bacterial Biowlmsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Biofilm formation by the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis

Lappann

Vogel

2010

Med Microbiol Immunol

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The past decade has seen an increasing interest in biofilm formation by Neisseria meningitidis, a human facultative pathogen causing life-threatening childhood disease commencing from asymptomatic nasopharyngeal colonization. Studying the biology of in vitro biofilm formation improves the understanding of inter-bacterial processes in asymptomatic carriage, of bacterial aggregate formation on host cells, and of meningococcal population biology. This paper reviews publications referring to meningococcal biofilm formation with an emphasis on the role of motility and of extracellular DNA. The theory of sub-dividing the meningococcal population in settler and spreader lineages is discussed, which provides a mechanistic framework for the assumed balance of colonization efficacy and transmission frequency.

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Intercellular adhesion and biocide resistance in nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilms

Cited by 70 publications

References 51 publications

Dynamics of the Action of Biocides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms

Dynamics of the Action of Biocides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms

Increased Biofilm Formation by Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Isolates from Patients with Invasive Disease or Otitis Media versus Strains Recovered from Cases of Respiratory Infections

Biofilm formation by the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis

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