Intercomparison of BrO measurements from ERS-2 GOME, ground-based and balloon platforms

Roozendaël, Michel Van; Wagner, Thomas; Richter, Andreas; Pundt, I.; Arlander, D. W.; Burrows, J. P.; Chipperfield, Martyn P.; Fayt, C.; Johnston, P. V.; Lambert, Jean-Christopher; Kreher, K.; Pfeilsticker, Klaus; Platt, U.; Pommereau, J. P.; Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin; Tørnkvist, Kjersti Karlsen; Wittrock, F.

doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(02)00098-4

Cited by 82 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…14, it stated that, except for the results at high latitudes in spring, the seasonal and latitudinal variations of the tropospheric BrO columns are generally rather small, with a magnitude lying within the uncertainties of the retrieved tropospheric BrO columns. Our analysis tends to confirm the findings of other studies (Fitzenberger et al, 2000;Wagner et al, 2001;Richter et al, 2002;Van Roozendael et al, 2002;Hendrick et al, 2007;Theys et al, 2007) that a tropospheric BrO background with vertical columns of 1-3 × 10 13 molec cm −2 , in addition to the polar BrO emissions occurring in spring, must be present at the global scale for all seasons. This is in contrast to three studies using spectral observations of direct-sun geometry, at Lauder (Schofield et al, 2004), Arrival Heights, Antarctica (Schofield et al, 2006) and in the tropics (Dorf et al, 2008) showing tropospheric columns significantly less i.e.…”

Section: Extra-polar Tropospheric Brosupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Observations from space (e.g., Richter et al, 2002;Van Roozendael et al, 2002), ground-based Theys et al, 2007) and balloon-borne (Harder et al, 1998;Fitzenberger et al, 2000) instruments have shown that inorganic bromine may be produced and sustained in the free troposphere at the global scale. Elaborating on these observations, modelling results (von Glasow et al, 2004;Lary, 2005;Yang et al, 2005Yang et al, , 2010 have shown that freetropospheric bromine might have a significant impact on the tropospheric ozone budget (and on tropospheric chemistry in general), leading to a reduction in the O 3 mixing ratio of up to 40% locally.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Satellite UV-visible nadir instruments, such as GOME/ERS-2, SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT, GOME-2/MetOp-A and OMI/Aura, offer the unique capability to study and monitor BrO at the global scale (Chance, 1998;Richter et al, 1998Richter et al, , 2002Van Roozendael et al, 2002;Wagner and Platt, 1998). However, a quantitative and refined interpretation of the satellite BrO observations requires to resolve the measured total BrO columns into their stratospheric and tropospheric contributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global observations of tropospheric BrO columns using GOME-2 satellite data

et al. 2011

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Abstract.Measurements from the GOME-2 satellite instrument have been analyzed for tropospheric BrO using a residual technique that combines measured BrO columns and estimates of the stratospheric BrO content from a climatological approach driven by O 3 and NO 2 observations. Comparisons between the GOME-2 results and BrO vertical columns derived from correlative ground-based and SCIAMACHY nadir observations, present a good level of consistency. We show that the adopted technique enables separation of stratospheric and tropospheric fractions of the measured total BrO columns and allows quantitative study of the BrO plumes in polar regions. While some satellite observed plumes of enhanced BrO can be explained by stratospheric descending air, we show that most BrO hotspots are of tropospheric origin, although they are often associated to regions with low tropopause heights as well. Elaborating on simulations using the p-TOMCAT tropospheric chemical transport model, this result is found to be consistent with the mechanism of bromine release through sea salt aerosols production during blowing snow events. No definitive conclusion can be drawn however on the importance of blowing snow sources in comparison to other bromine release mechanisms. Outside polar regions, evidence is provided for a global tropospheric BrO background with column of 1-3 × 10 13 molec cm −2 , consistent with previous estimates.

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Section: Extra-polar Tropospheric Brosupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Global observations of tropospheric BrO columns using GOME-2 satellite data

et al. 2011

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“…This corresponds to 0.5-2 pptv BrO distributed throughout the tropospheric column. Balloon measurements in the northern mid-latitudes and tropics give independent evidence for 0.5-2 pptv BrO in the troposphere [Fitzenberger et al, 2000;Pundt et al, 2002;Van Roozendael et al, 2002]. Tropospheric sources include activation from sea salt; oxidation and photolysis of bromocarbons; transport from the stratosphere; and recycling from reservoir species (Br 2 , HOBr, BrNO 2 , BrONO 2 , HBr) by homogeneous and heterogeneous processes [von Glasow et al, 2002;Platt and Honninger, 2003;Yang et al, 2005;Salawitch, 2006].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global lifetime of elemental mercury against oxidation by atomic bromine in the free troposphere

Holmes

Jacob

Yang

2006

Geophysical Research Letters

218

237

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[1] We calculate the global mean atmospheric lifetime of elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) against oxidation by atomic bromine (Br) in the troposphere by combining recent kinetic data for the Hg-Br system with modeled global concentrations of tropospheric Br. We obtain a lifetime of 0.5-1.7 years based on the range of kinetic data, implying that oxidation of Hg 0 by Br is a major, and possibly dominant, global sink for Hg 0 . Most of the oxidation takes place in the middle and upper troposphere, where Br concentrations are high and where cold temperatures suppress thermal decomposition of the HgBr intermediate. This oxidation mechanism is consistent with mercury observations, including in particular high gaseous Hg(II) concentrations in Antarctic summer. Better freetropospheric measurements of bromine radicals and further kinetic study of the Hg-Br system are essential to more accurately assess the global importance of Br as an oxidant of atmospheric Hg 0 . Citation:

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“…Detection of atmospheric BrO in the past relied on (1) resonance fluorescence of Br atoms formed by reaction with excess NO added to the probed air (Brune et al, 1989), or (2) UV/visible spectroscopy of either (2a) scattered skylight analysed from the ground, (2b) direct sunlight observed from balloon payloads and (2c) backscattered sunlight detected from space (e.g. Fish et al, 1995;Harder et al, 1998;Wagner and Platt, 1998;Van Roozendael et al, 2002;Pundt et al, 2002). Since balloon-borne BrO profiling is by nature infrequent with respect to both spatial and temporal coverage, improved instrumentation was required to monitor atmospheric BrO more closely.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%