Intercomparisons of proxies for past solar variability

Beer, Jürg; Mende, W.; Stellmacher, Rita; White, O. R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-61113-1_23

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This period coincides with increased global warming since the end of the LIA, concomitant with increased solar activity levels (similar to those experienced in the 12th century; Beer et al, 1996) and also increased concentrations of greenhouse gases. Ice formation, break-up, and thickness have all been significantly affected by this recent phase of global warming and can be linked to changing shifts in the Arctic Oscillation (Todd and Mackay, 2003).…”

Section: Assessing the Evidence For Diatom Responses To Climate Warmimentioning

confidence: 83%

1000 years of climate variability in central Asia: assessing the evidence using Lake Baikal (Russia) diatom assemblages and the application of a diatom-inferred model of snow cover on the lake

Mackay

Ryves

Battarbee

et al. 2005

Global and Planetary Change

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Section: Assessing the Evidence For Diatom Responses To Climate Warmimentioning

confidence: 83%

1000 years of climate variability in central Asia: assessing the evidence using Lake Baikal (Russia) diatom assemblages and the application of a diatom-inferred model of snow cover on the lake

Mackay

Ryves

Battarbee

et al. 2005

Global and Planetary Change

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“…The contribution of solar output to decadal to millennial scale climatic variability has been explored more recently (van Geel et al 1999;Crowley 2000;Foukal et al 2004). Cosmogenic isotopes ( 14 C, 10 Be, 36 Cl) record prehistoric solar activity (Beer et al 1996). Cosmogenic isotopes ( 14 C, 10 Be, 36 Cl) record prehistoric solar activity (Beer et al 1996).…”

Section: Postglacial Climatic Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and ecosystem response in the northern Columbia River basin — A paleoenvironmental perspective

Walker

Pellatt

2008

Environ. Rev.

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A comprehensive review of Holocene paleoenvironmental data has been prepared, providing the basis for evaluating natural variability in climate and ecosystem dynamics in the northern Columbia River basin. The paleoenvironmental record reveals four major climatic shifts and a number of less well-defined climatic changes throughout the Holocene. The major climate changes are (1) a cool or cold, late-glacial climate at the end of the last glaciation (>11 500 cal. year BP), (2) an interval of drought and maximum summer warmth during the early Holocene (ca. 10500 to 8000 cal. year BP), (3) a mid-Holocene trend towards a cooler, more moist climate (ca. 8000 to ca. 4000 cal. year BP), and (4) a relatively stable climate persisting from ca. 4000 cal. year BP until the arrival of European settlers. Air temperatures have warmed by about 1 8C over the past century. Minor climate events that are emerging as global in nature include Little Ice Age (1200-150 BP) conditions, and a late Holocene cool wet period (3500-2500 BP). These are observed in some study sites examined in this paper and may be related to large-scale cycles of 2800-2000 and 1500 years. A discussion of changing atmospheric circulation patterns, and the causes of long-term climatic change are included, together with a discussion of the implications of the paleoenvironmental record for understanding future climate, and the likely response of communities and ecosystems.

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“…A low number of sunspots is a direct indication of less intense solar radiation and activity. Estimations about the total solar radiative output changes for the MM are in the order of 0.2-0.4% relative to present levels (Hoyt and Schatten, 1993;Nesme-Ribes et al, 1993;Zhang et al, 1994;Lean et al, 1995;Beer et al, 1996;Rind, 1998, 1999;Maddox, 1998). The solar activity during the MM was near its lowest levels within the past 8000 years (Lean and Rind, 1999) and the UV (200-300 nm) irradiance was also lower (Lean et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Monthly mean pressure reconstruction for the Late Maunder Minimum Period (AD 1675-1715)

et al. 2000

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The Late Maunder Minimum (LMM; 1675-1715) delineates a period with marked climate variability within the Little Ice Age in Europe. Gridded monthly mean surface pressure fields were reconstructed for this period for the eastern North Atlantic-European region (25°W-30°E and 35-70°N). These were based on continuous information drawn from proxy and instrumental data taken from several European data sites. The data include indexed temperature and rainfall values, sea ice conditions from northern Iceland and the Western Baltic. In addition, limited instrumental data, such as air temperature from central England (CET) and Paris, reduced mean sea level pressure (SLP) at Paris, and monthly mean wind direction in the Øresund (Denmark) are used. The reconstructions are based on a canonical correlation analysis (CCA), with the standardized station data as predictors and the SLP pressure fields as predictand. The CCA-based model was performed using data from the twentieth century. The period 1901-1960 was used to calibrate the statistical model, and the remaining 30 years (1961-1990) for the validation of the reconstructed monthly pressure fields. Assuming stationarity of the statistical relationships, the calibrated CCA model was then used to predict the monthly LMM SLP fields. The verification results illustrated that the regression equations developed for the majority of grid points contain good predictive skill. Nevertheless, there are seasonal and geographical limitations for which valid spatial SLP patterns can be reconstructed. Backward elimination techniques indicated that Paris station air pressure and temperature, CET, and the wind direction in the Øresund are the most important predictors, together sharing more than 65% of the total variance. The reconstructions are compared with additional data and subjectively reconstructed monthly pressure charts for the years 1675-1704. It is shown that there are differences between the two approaches. However, for extreme years the reconstructions are in good agreement.

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Intercomparisons of proxies for past solar variability

Cited by 19 publications

References 17 publications

1000 years of climate variability in central Asia: assessing the evidence using Lake Baikal (Russia) diatom assemblages and the application of a diatom-inferred model of snow cover on the lake

1000 years of climate variability in central Asia: assessing the evidence using Lake Baikal (Russia) diatom assemblages and the application of a diatom-inferred model of snow cover on the lake

Climate change and ecosystem response in the northern Columbia River basin — A paleoenvironmental perspective

Monthly mean pressure reconstruction for the Late Maunder Minimum Period (AD 1675-1715)

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