Interconnected Reproductive and Vegetative Remains of Populus (Salicaceae) From the Middle Eocene Green River Formation, Northeastern Utah

Manchester, Steven R.; Dilcher, David L.; Tidwell, William D.

doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1986.tb09691.x

Cited by 36 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…First, the P. trichocarpa (poplar tree) WGD constitutes a shared event of the genera Populus and Salix, both of which are members of the family Salicaceae within the order Malpighiales (Tuskan et al 2006). The oldest known Populus fossils are leaves from the Middle Eocene Evacuation Creek at Green River Formation (Utah, USA) (Manchester et al 1986(Manchester et al , 2006, and are estimated to be at least 47.4 million years old (Boucher et al 2003). Our estimate of 34.7 mya for the P. trichocarpa WGD (see Table 1) thus underestimates this boundary with at least 12.7 million years.…”

Section: Some Drastic Rate Shifts Are Not Fully Corrected Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of 41 plant genomes supports a wave of successful genome duplications in association with the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary

et al. 2014

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Ancient whole-genome duplications (WGDs), also referred to as paleopolyploidizations, have been reported in most evolutionary lineages. Their attributed role remains a major topic of discussion, ranging from an evolutionary dead end to a road toward evolutionary success, with evidence supporting both fates. Previously, based on dating WGDs in a limited number of plant species, we found a clustering of angiosperm paleopolyploidizations around the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) extinction event about 66 million years ago. Here we revisit this finding, which has proven controversial, by combining genome sequence information for many more plant lineages and using more sophisticated analyses. We include 38 full genome sequences and three transcriptome assemblies in a Bayesian evolutionary analysis framework that incorporates uncorrelated relaxed clock methods and fossil uncertainty. In accordance with earlier findings, we demonstrate a strongly nonrandom pattern of genome duplications over time with many WGDs clustering around the K-Pg boundary. We interpret these results in the context of recent studies on invasive polyploid plant species, and suggest that polyploid establishment is promoted during times of environmental stress. We argue that considering the evolutionary potential of polyploids in light of the environmental and ecological conditions present around the time of polyploidization could mitigate the stark contrast in the proposed evolutionary fates of polyploids.

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Section: Some Drastic Rate Shifts Are Not Fully Corrected Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of 41 plant genomes supports a wave of successful genome duplications in association with the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary

et al. 2014

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“…The Claiborne is characterized as a dry tropical forest (Wolfe 1978) with the dominant plant groups being lauraceous leaves, castaneoid and transitional oaks and legumes representing all three major groups (Dilcher 1963a;Crepet & Dilcher 1977;Crepet & Daghlian 1980;Herendeen & Dilcher 1990a, b, c). Very large monocot leaves (up to 75 cm wide) with entire margins assigned to Araceae occur (Dilcher & Daghlian 1977), as do Juglandaceae of subfamily Engelhardiodeae, today a completely Asian clade (Dilcher & Manchester 1986, Manos & Stanford 2001, Manos et al 2007. Other families reported from the Claiborne Formation include Eucommiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Oleaceae, Theaceae, Rhamnaceae and Ulmaceae (Table 2).…”

Section: Middle Eocene To Early Oligocene In the Southeast Mississippmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies often reveal mosaic combinations of characters not seen in extant taxa, and provide clues to the evolutionary history of families. Examples include Cedrelospermum (Manchester 1989); Populus (Manchester et al 1986);Pseudosalix (Boucher et al 2003); Syzygioides , and the herbaceous Gilisenium (Lott et al 1998). An atlas of the Parachute Creek flora is available as an online resource (K. Johnson et al 2002; see http://www.paleocurrents.com).…”

Section: The Middle Eocene In the Rocky Mountains The Green River Floramentioning

confidence: 99%

Floristic composition and comparison of middle Eocene to late Eocene and Oligocene floras in North America

DeVore¹,

Pigg²

2010

Bull. Geosci.

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In comparison to the early and middle Eocene, the late Eocene and particularly the Oligocene floral record is sparse in North America. Changing tectonic, environmental and climatic conditions during these times resulted in the development of fewer depositional systems favorable for fossil preservation. Floras are known from the Southeast, the Pacific Northwest and the Rocky Mountains. Each area has a distinct geological history that shaped both the vegetation adjacent to sites of deposition as well as the depositional environments themselves. The floristic change from middle to late Eocene, and then to Oligocene reflects a changing paleoclimate from the thermal maximum to cooler and drier conditions in the late Paleogene. In the present paper, major middle, and then late Eocene and finally Oligocene floras of North America are summarized, with an emphasis on their regional geology, depositional setting, paleoclimate and significant floral elements. The North American occurrences of coryphoid palms (Sabal) and cycads are reviewed in relationship to their biogeographic history. Finally, we suggest several directions for future research that will further illuminate the floristic changes from middle, to late Eocene and Oligocene that occurred in North America.•

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“…At least two other reports from North America are known where leaf/leaflets suggest the presence of this taxon (Reid and Chandler, 1933;Gregor and Goth, 1979). The oldest one, B. inaequilateralis (section Bullockia) from the Eocene Green River Formation, and a younger one, B. serrulata (section Bursera) from the Oligocene Florissant Beds, suggest that the genus formed part of different vegetation types (Manchester and Crane, 1983;Manchester et al, 1986;Boucher et al, 2003;Leopold et al, 2005;Meyer and Smith, 2005). Fruits from Eocene and Oligocene sediments of Europe further confirm the presence of Bursera and Canarium in communities that do not necessarily correspond with those in which the extant members of the genus grow (Reid and Chandler, 1933;Gregor and Goth, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eocene Bursera (Burseraceaea) in La Carroza Formation, Mexico: a dry tropical flora member

Calvillo-Canadell

Rodríguez-Reyes

Medina-Lemos

et al. 2013

BSGM

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History of plant diversity in Mexico might be sought in detailed descriptions and comparisons of fossil taxa. Fossil plants allow the recognition of plant communities and their history, especially if they include key elements. In Mexico, Bursera is correlated with dry tropical habitats, and its presence in the fossil record certainly helps to trace the history of both the taxon and the habitat. Eocene material from the La Carroza Formation, La Popa basin, in Nuevo León, Mexico contains a diverse leaf assemblage among which certain leaves resemble two morphotypes, both members of Bursera. A brief description of the leaf architecture of Burseraceae is presented in order to unify criteria and establish comparative parameters that allow identification of fossil leaflet compressions and impressions. Burseraceae has variable leaf architecture, and a single character can change in a single leaf and/or leaflet. For example, the characteristic brochidodromous condition of the family may change to craspedodromous, semi-craspedodromous or even eucamptodromous, in a single leaf. Both Eocene species that are recognized here suggest that the sections Bursera and Bullockia, were differentiated around Middle Eocene; however, previous studies suggest an earlier differentiation of these sections. The two new fossil species in La Popa basin support the presence of members of the extant dry tropical forest in northwestern Mexico, but not necessarily the presence of a dry community. This community developed at a time of geologic/physiographic changes in the area, promoting drought and the establishment of a dry flora.Keywords: Burseraceae leaves; Eocene; La Carroza Formation; leaf architecture; Nuevo León, Mexico. Resumen La historia de la diversidad vegetal en México podría ser buscada en descripciones detalladas y comparaciones de los taxa fósiles. Las plantas fósiles permiten el reconocimiento de las comunidades vegetales y su historia

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Interconnected Reproductive and Vegetative Remains of Populus (Salicaceae) From the Middle Eocene Green River Formation, Northeastern Utah

Cited by 36 publications

References 5 publications

Analysis of 41 plant genomes supports a wave of successful genome duplications in association with the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary

Analysis of 41 plant genomes supports a wave of successful genome duplications in association with the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary

Floristic composition and comparison of middle Eocene to late Eocene and Oligocene floras in North America

Eocene Bursera (Burseraceaea) in La Carroza Formation, Mexico: a dry tropical flora member

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