Interconnection network architectures based on integrated orbital angular momentum emitters

Scaffardi, M.; Zhang, Ning; Malik, M. N.; Lazzeri, Emma; Klitis, Charalambos; Lavery, Martin P. J.; Sorel, Marc; Bogoni, Antonella

doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2017.08.024

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The number of multiplexed OAM beams, i.e. the number of switch input ports can be increased also resorting to the free-space multiplexing of beams coming from different integrated multiplexers [33].…”

Section: A Bandwidthmentioning

confidence: 99%

10 OAM × 16 Wavelengths Two-Layer Switch Based on an Integrated Mode Multiplexer for 19.2 Tb/s Data Traffic

Scaffardi

Malik

Zhang

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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A two-layer switch exploiting orbital angular momentum (OAM) and wavelength of the light as switching domains is presented, aiming to increase the scalability with respect to the single-layer switches. The switch is able to accept 160 optical Gaussian data inputs on a 16-channel wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) grid and direct each input signals to different output ports exploiting 10 OAMs. The optical switch is based on an integrated OAM multiplexer followed by a compact OAM demultiplexer consisting of two refractive elements. Its experimental characterization confirmed a total enabled throughput of 19.2 Tb/s, thanks to the 30 GHz bandwidth available for each port. The switching time can be lower than 1 µs. The OAM switch power consumption, solely due to the thermal tuning of the OAM emitters, since the OAM demux is passive, is 1.35 mW/Gb/s.In the proposed switching architecture the number of active components, i.e. the power consumption, scales linear with the number of ports. This is favorable in comparison with singlelayer switches that cascade e.g. 2x2 elementary blocks to obtain large port counts, which scale with the square of the number of ports.The switch accepts input and output signals with Gaussian phase profile that propagate through optical fibers and waveguides, thus making it compatible with standard telecom devices. The suitability of the switch to support real data-traffic is proved by successfully testing it with 10G Ethernet and Fiber Channel over Ethernet (FCoE) data traffic and video traffic. A possible application scenario is represented by a data-center network where the switch can be used to create a low-power consumption network parallel to the network based on standard electronic routers, to manage large traffic flows.

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Section: A Bandwidthmentioning

confidence: 99%

10 OAM × 16 Wavelengths Two-Layer Switch Based on an Integrated Mode Multiplexer for 19.2 Tb/s Data Traffic

Scaffardi

Malik

Zhang

et al. 2021

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…By designing a novel gratings implemented on digital mircromirror device, authors in [175] achieved a fast data exchange and multicasting in 49 OAM channels with an aggregated transmission capacity of 1.37 Tbit/s, at a switching rate of 6.9 µs. In [176], a three layer OAM, polarization and wavelength switch architecture-based integrated concentric OAM emitters/modulators are demonstrated.…”

Section: F Optical Switching and Routingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Trichili

Park

Zghal

et al. 2019

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

189

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Time, polarization, and wavelength multiplexing schemes have been used to satisfy the growing need of transmission capacity. Using space as a new dimension for communication systems has been recently suggested as a versatile technique to address future bandwidth issues. We review the potentials of harnessing the space as an additional degree of freedom for communication applications including free space optics, optical fiber installation, underwater wireless optical links, on-chip interconnects, data center indoor connections, radio frequency and acoustic communications. We focus on the orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes and equally identify the challenges related to each of the applications of spatial modes and the particular OAM modes in communication. We further discuss the perspectives of this emerging technology. Finally, we provide the open research directions and we discuss the practical deployment of OAM communication links for different applications. ). 4 in the future. We also summarize the open problems and the future research directions. A discussion of the practicability and cost of multi-OAM communication is also included. II. OAM POTENTIALS A. Free Space Optical CommunicationFSO is a license free wireless communication configuration that has recently received much interest for a variety of applications. FSO is an attractive solution for last mile connectivity problems, particularly for communication networks, when the installation of fiber optics is costly or not possible [66]. FSO can be also used to establish inter-building secure communication, and can be deployed as a backup to optical fibers. Wireless optical communication can guarantee a line-of-sight (LoS) high bit rate wireless transmission over long distances, up to several kilometers. Furthermore, FSO communication is considered as a promising technique to scale down bandwidth challenges in future 5G networks [67].Multiple wavelength FSO provides better transmission, as demonstrated in [68], [69]. Data can be mapped on advanced modulation formats to achieve high bit rates and high spectral efficiency levels [70]- [72]. Another option is multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) FSO communication in which multiple lasers are positioned to transmit Gaussian beams to multiple receiving apertures [73]. Over the last few years, it has been proven that it is possible to transmit information over spatially structured light beams [21], [74], [75] including OAM beams and plane waves. Our focus is on the OAM modes of light.The first PoC communication experiment incorporating OAMs in free space was carried out in 2004 by Gibson and co-workers [21]. Over a 15-meter long link, 8 -spaced values were chosen along the Gaussian beam as an alphabet for the communication. OAM beams were generated and detected using two light modulators. Since then, much progress has been made and free space transmission capacity of over 1 Tbit/s is, today, possible [76]- [78]. By performing three dimensional multiplexing, Huang and co-workers were able to attain a 100 Tbi...

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“…In the telecom field, the potentially unbounded state space provided by this even-unexploited degree of freedom offers a promising solution to increase the information capacity of optical networks 19 , both for free space 20 and optical fiber 21 propagation. At present, it is urgent to further develop novel devices that can dynamically reconfigure and switch between distinct OAM modes 22,23 to fully exploit the extra degree of freedom provided by the OAM for both classical and quantum communications. The abovementioned conventional methods are useful for implementing only shift operations on the OAM mode, i.e., addition or subtraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics

2019

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We present a method to efficiently multiply or divide the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light beams using a sequence of two optical elements. The key element is represented by an optical transformation mapping the azimuthal phase gradient of the input OAM beam onto a circular sector. By combining multiple circular-sector transformations into a single optical element, it is possible to multiply the value of the input OAM state by splitting and mapping the phase onto complementary circular sectors. Conversely, by combining multiple inverse transformations, the division of the initial OAM value is achievable by mapping distinct complementary circular sectors of the input beam into an equal number of circular phase gradients. Optical elements have been fabricated in the form of phase-only diffractive optics with high-resolution electron-beam lithography. Optical tests confirm the capability of the multiplier optics to perform integer multiplication of the input OAM, whereas the designed dividers are demonstrated to correctly split up the input beam into a complementary set of OAM beams. These elements can find applications for the multiplicative generation of higher-order OAM modes, optical information processing based on OAM beam transmission, and optical routing/switching in telecom.

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Interconnection network architectures based on integrated orbital angular momentum emitters

Cited by 8 publications

References 18 publications

10 OAM × 16 Wavelengths Two-Layer Switch Based on an Integrated Mode Multiplexer for 19.2 Tb/s Data Traffic

10 OAM × 16 Wavelengths Two-Layer Switch Based on an Integrated Mode Multiplexer for 19.2 Tb/s Data Traffic

Communicating Using Spatial Mode Multiplexing: Potentials, Challenges, and Perspectives

Multiplication and division of the orbital angular momentum of light with diffractive transformation optics

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