Intercultural competence and expatriates

Diverse Human Resource And Organizational Productivity: Towards An Analytical Framework

“…This is because, it is widely agreed that the acquisition and use of knowledge can ISSN 2162-3058 2015 www.macrothink.org/ijhrs 62 influence the process and outcome of social interaction (Detweiler, 1980;Gertsen, 1990;Gudykunst and Kim, 1984;Mendenhall and Oddou 1986;Oddou and Mendenhall, 1984;Singer 1987;Triandis, 1976;. Therefore employees need to acquire knowledge relevant to effective interaction in a diverse workforce (Detweiler, 1975;1980).…”

The Importance of Cross-Cultural Capabilities for Chinese Immigrant Entrepreneurs in Australia

“…This may not explain optimists' attitude capability, as attitude capability did not seem to affect their emotion capability. However, a positive attitude seemed to positively influence optimists' learning and bicultural capabilities, which may suggest that attitude influences behaviour (Gertsen, 1990). …”

“…Compared to intercultural competence, a similar term is cross-cultural competence (See Table 2.2), which is in essence the ability to generate appropriate strategies of action unconsciously (Friedman & Antal, 2005;Gertsen, 1990). Cross-cultural competence mainly focuses on knowledge, skills, and personal attributes (Johnson et al, 2006).…”

“…To discover what it takes for an individual to become cross-culturally competitive, several different terms have emerged across disciplines (See Table 2.2). Capabilities are mostly referred to as adaptability (e.g., Berry, 1997;Ward & Kennedy, 1999) and adjustment in psychology (e.g., Peltokorpi & Froese, 2012;Searle & Ward, 1990); intelligence in international business and international management (e.g., Ang et al, 2006;Ang et al, 2007;Earley, 2002); competence in international business (e.g., Gertsen, 1990;Hong, 2010;Johnson et al, 2006;Muzychenko, 2008;Sandberg, 2000); and effectiveness in psychology and international business (e.g., Hammer, Gudykunst, & Wiseman, 1979;Lakshman, 2013;Van Oudenhoven & Van der Zee, 2002). Although the diversified disciplines emphasise the significance of cultural competitiveness in a cross-cultural context, the boundaries between different concepts are sometimes unclear.…”

“…This definition is determined by the ability to exhibit proper communicative behaviour. As expected, speaking the other language fluently can be an advantage in avoiding the risk of communicative misunderstanding (Gertsen, 1990). Thus, this concept considers more communicational behaviour rather than the psychological dimension.…”