Interdecadal Variations of Annual Precipitation in the Central United States

Hu, Qi; Woodruff, C. M.; Mudrick, Stephen E.

doi:10.1175/1520-0477(1998)079<0221:ivoapi>2.0.co;2

Cited by 61 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Hu et al (1998) connect the interdecadal variation in annual precipitation of the central United States to the North Atlantic and Higgins et al (2000) find Arctic oscillation-related contributions to the seasonal predictability of summer precipitation to be significant in the upper Midwest. Most recently, Ruiz-Barradas and Nigam (2005) and Weaver and Nigam (2008) find strong correlations between the activity of the GPLLJ, central US precipitation, and the NAO index.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors find negative phases of the NAO to coincide with stronger than expected influx of Gulf air into the US interior and unseasonably high (low) precipitation in the Midwest (southeast), summer conditions that were observed during both the 1993 and 2008 events. Hu et al (1998) and Ruiz-Barradas and Nigam (2005) argue that the GPLLJ strength and activity are related to the southerly branch of the Bermuda High centred over the North Atlantic known to be impacted by the state of the NAO. The storms that are generated from the interaction between this GPLLJ and the mid-latitudinal westerly jet significantly influence the precipitation development in the Central Plains region, as observed during the sustained phases of both the 1993 and 2008 floods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atmospheric aspects of the 2008 Midwest floods: a repeat of 1993?

Coleman

Budikova

2009

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This paper identifies and documents the major large-scale atmospheric circulation characteristics that preceded and facilitated the devastating floods across the Midwestern United States along the upper Mississippi, Missouri, and Wabash River basins in the late spring/early summer of 2008. These circulation features were also placed in the context of the 1993 floods that occurred within a similar temporal and spatial domain. This process included investigating the relationship between various atmospheric conditions and the timing of flood-producing rainfall events at monthly and sub-monthly timescales. Unlike in 1993, the 2008 flood event took place 1 month earlier in the year (May), lasted over a much shorter time period, and extended eastwards into Indiana. The comparison confirmed much previous work regarding the factors associated with Midwest flooding during the early warm-season and revealed the possible influence of the state of the North Atlantic Ocean and the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) on warm-season flooding across the Midwest. Both the 2008 and 1993 events were preceded by an NAO positive phase; the pattern switched phase about 2 months before the onset of the flooding and remained negative for the duration of the floods. While the major atmospheric conditions known to be associated with major flooding across the Midwest were present in 2008 (e.g. a strong Great Plains low-level jet), the level of their development, persistence, and geographic orientation/position was very distinct from those observed in 1993. These conditions were also embedded in different state of the remote hemispheric circulation over the Pacific North American region. Together, these variations contributed to the 2008 Midwest floods that occurred earlier in the warm season, were shorter-lived, and had an impact on a slightly different geographic area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric aspects of the 2008 Midwest floods: a repeat of 1993?

Coleman

Budikova

2009

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…The evaluation of the trend analysis is based on the Hu et al (1998) method. The 11 year running mean is a filtering method.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evaluation of the trend is based on the M-K rank statistical test and fitting method of Hu et al (1998). M-K rank statistics, which make no assumption about the probability distribution of the original data, are tested for significance using a standard normal distribution.…”

Section: Trend Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Wintertime surface temperature in Egypt in relation to the associated atmospheric circulation

Hasanean

2004

Intl Journal of Climatology

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Mean wintertime temperatures (December, January, February) recorded during the period 1905-2000 at 18 weather stations distributed across Egypt were analysed to reveal spatial and temporal patterns of long-term trends. The relationship between winter atmospheric circulation indices and winter temperature in Egypt is examined using correlation analysis. The atmospheric circulation is represented by four indices: the well-known El Niño-southern oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) index, East Atlantic-West Russia (EAWR) index, and East Atlantic (EA) index.Surface temperature is a stable climatic element whose coefficient of variation (COV) is lower during winter. A statistically significant relation between COV and latitude indicates that stations in the south, Upper Egypt, are more variable than stations in the north, Lower Egypt. Increasing and decreasing winter surface temperature trends were found. In general, wintertime temperature has increased (warming) at most stations. Decreasing trends (cooling) are observed mainly over Upper Egypt. The upward trends in mean winter temperature during the 1910s-30s, mid 1970s, and early 1980s-2000 and the downward trends during the 1940s and 1960s are prominent features of the temporal distributions. The warming period that occurred early in the century may be explained by changes in circulation. Striking upward trends are most remarkable during the last 20 years. This could be attributed not only to human activities, but also to atmospheric circulation changes. No detectable connection between Egypt temperature and either ENSO or EA index was found during winter. A statistically significant negative relationship between winter temperature and winter NAO index can be observed. The NAO index is more dominant in determining winter temperature than ENSO circulation. A significantly stronger negative relationship between temperature over Egypt and the winter EAWR index values is detected.

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“…Conversely, the 1990s were some of the wetter years on record for the Missouri River Basin. Hu et al (1998) reported that the amount of annual precipitation generally declined from the 1880s through the mid 1960s and then began an upward trend in the lower Missouri River basin states of Nebraska, Kansas, and Missouri (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrological alteration along the Missouri River Basin: A time series approach

Pegg

Pierce

Roy

2003

Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries

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Human alteration of large rivers is commonplace, often resulting in significant changes in flow characteristics. We used a time series approach to examine daily mean flow data from locations throughout the mainstem Missouri River. Data from a pre-alteration period were compared with a post-alteration period , with separate analyses conducted using either data from the entire year or restricted to the spring fish spawning period (1 April-30 June). Daily mean flows were significantly higher during the postalteration period at all locations. Flow variability was markedly reduced during the post-alteration period as a probable result of flow regulation and climatological shifts. Daily mean flow during the spring fish spawning period was significantly lower during the post-alteration period at the most highly altered locations in the middle portion of the river, but unchanged at the least altered locations in the upper and lower port ions of the river. Our data also corroborate other analyses, using alternate statistical approaches, that suggest similar changes to the Missouri River system. Our results suggest human alterations on the Missouri River, particularly in the middle portion most strongly affected by impoundments and channelization, have resulted in changes to the natural flow regime. Abstract. Human alteration of large rivers is commonplace, often resulting in significant changes in flow characteristics. We used a time series approach to examine daily mean flow data from locations throughout the mainstem Missouri River. Data from a pre-alteration period (1925 -1948) were compared with a post-alteration period (1967 -1996), with separate analyses conducted using either data from the entire year or restricted to the spring fish spawning period (1 April -30 June). Daily mean flows were significantly higher during the post-alteration period at all locations. Flow variability was markedly reduced during the post-alteration period as a probable result of flow regulation and climatological Aquat. Sci. 65 (2003) 63 -72 1015-1621/03/010063-10 © EAWAG, Dübendorf, 2003 Aquatic Sciences shifts. Daily mean flow during the spring fish spawning period was significantly lower during the post-alteration period at the most highly altered locations in the middle portion of the river, but unchanged at the least altered locations in the upper and lower portions of the river. Our data also corroborate other analyses, using alternate statistical approaches, that suggest similar changes to the Missouri River system. Our results suggest human alterations on the Missouri River, particularly in the middle portion most strongly affected by impoundments and channelization, have resulted in changes to the natural flow regime.

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Interdecadal Variations of Annual Precipitation in the Central United States

Cited by 61 publications

References 19 publications

Atmospheric aspects of the 2008 Midwest floods: a repeat of 1993?

Atmospheric aspects of the 2008 Midwest floods: a repeat of 1993?

Wintertime surface temperature in Egypt in relation to the associated atmospheric circulation

Hydrological alteration along the Missouri River Basin: A time series approach

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