Interdependence between the curing, structure, and the mechanical properties of phenolic resins

Wolfrum, Johannes; Ehrenstein, Gottfried W.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19991220)74:13<3173::aid-app21>3.3.co;2-y

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…(e, f) (typical cell struts and walls), many much smaller spherical voids, about 1 µm, can be seen at both the cell struts and the cell walls. These voids are probably caused by the water in the system during the curing process …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame‐retardant and mechanical properties of phenolic foams toughened with polyethylene glycol phosphates

Sui

Wang

2013

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Three kinds of polyethylene glycol phosphates (PEGPs) toughening agents were synthesized by esterification of phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) with polyethylene glycol and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance. A series of lightweight phenolic foams toughened with different loadings of PEGPs were prepared. Optical microscopy results show that the addition of PEGPs with small molecular weight PEG improves the structural homogeneity of phenolic foams obviously. The flame retardancy of toughened phenolic foams was evaluated by using UL 94, limiting oxygen index, and cone calorimeter. The results indicate that the incorporation of PEGPs not only increases the toughness of phenolic foams but also improves their flame retardancy. Moreover, the thermal stability of PEGPs and the toughened foams was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame‐retardant and mechanical properties of phenolic foams toughened with polyethylene glycol phosphates

Sui

Wang

2013

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…The individual polymers were first separately diluted with distilled water to maintain a solid content of 50% by weight for convenience, under a well‐stirred condition. Then a weighed amount of Resol was placed in a three‐necked round‐bottom flask and thoroughly mixed with 7% by weight (based on Resol) of PTSA11 for 20 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical and dynamic mechanical studies of resol/vinyl acetate‐2‐ethylhexylacrylate/ hexamethoxymethylmelamine interpenetrating network systems

Datta

Basu

Banerjee

2003

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:Resol was solution blended with vinyl acetate-2-ethylhexylacrylate (VAc-EHA) resin in aqueous medium, in varying weight fractions, with hexamethoxymethylmelamine (HMMM) as crosslinker, and data was compared with a control. The present work was aimed at getting an optimum combination of tensile strength, dynamic mechanical strength, impact strength, and toughness by synthesis of an interpenetrating network (IPN) of the resins. The control gave a semi-IPN system, in which the resol crosslinked, while the acrylic did not, whereas the blend, where HMMM was the crosslinker, gave a full IPN system. Full IPNs of the resol/VAc-EHA system had higher moduli and ultimate tensile strength than the semi-IPNs. Dynamic mechanical study showed that full IPN systems have higher T g values than semi-IPN systems. The impact strength increases with increasing proportions of VAc-EHA copolymer.

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“…For the use of treated fiber in making composites, the fibers were treated with chromic acid at room temperature for 15 min (16)(17)(18)(19). When the formation of the bubbles ceased, the viscous mass was poured into a glass mold prepared by clipping together two glass plates separated by a Teflon gasket in between, the thickness of which controls the thickness of the sample sheet formed.…”

Section: Preparation Of Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Behavior of Unidirectional Glass Fibers Reinforced Resol/VAC‐EHA Composites at Different Volume Fraction of Fibers

Misra

Datta

2008

Soft Materials

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%Glass fibers reinforced Resol/VAC-EHA Composites were fabricated at different volume fraction of fibers to determine the mechanical behavior. Resol solution was blended with vinyl acetate-2-ethylhexyl acrylate (VAc-EHA) resin in an aqueous medium with varying volume fraction of glass fibers. The role of fiber/matrix interactions in glass fibers reinforced composites were investigated to predict the stiffness and damping properties and their different mechanical behavior was compared with pure Resol and Resol/VAC-EHA blend. In order to study the static and dynamic response of Resol, Resol/VAC-EHA blend, and glass fibers reinforced composites, a multiquadric radial basis function (MQRBF) method was developed. MQRBF was applied for spatial discretization and a Newmark implicit scheme was used for temporal discretization. The discretization of the differential equations generates a larger number of algebraic equations than the unknown coefficients. To overcome this ill conditioning, the multiple linear regression analysis, which is based on the least square error norm, was employed to obtain the coefficients. Simple supported and clamped boundary conditions were considered. Numerical results were compared with those obtained by other analytical methods.

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Interdependence between the curing, structure, and the mechanical properties of phenolic resins

Cited by 12 publications

References 1 publication

Flame‐retardant and mechanical properties of phenolic foams toughened with polyethylene glycol phosphates

Flame‐retardant and mechanical properties of phenolic foams toughened with polyethylene glycol phosphates

Mechanical and dynamic mechanical studies of resol/vinyl acetate‐2‐ethylhexylacrylate/ hexamethoxymethylmelamine interpenetrating network systems

Mechanical Behavior of Unidirectional Glass Fibers Reinforced Resol/VAC‐EHA Composites at Different Volume Fraction of Fibers

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