Interdependence of phosphorus, fish, and site effects on phytoplankton biomass and zooplankton

Drenner, Ray W.; Threlkeld, Stephen T.; Smith, J. Durward; Mummert, John R.; Cantrell, Patricia A.

doi:10.4319/lo.1989.34.7.1315

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Mosquitofish and common carp were selected as members of the fish assemblage because they represent two fish consumer types found in lake communities. Mosquitofish is a carnivore that consumes zooplankton and benthic invertebrates (Hurlbert et al 1972;Hurlbert and Mulla 1981;Drenner et al 1989;Lancaster and Drenner 1990) and carp is a benthivore (Richardson et al 1990). Both species are distributed throughout the United States (Page and Burr 1991) and commonly co-occur with bluegill (Miranda 1983).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context-dependent effects of bluegill in experimental mesocosm communities

Nowlin¹,

Drenner²

2000

Oecologia

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Most knowledge of direct and indirect effects of zooplanktivorous fish has come from studies in which a treatment with a zooplanktivore is compared to a fishless control. However, effects of a zooplanktivore may be different in the presence of other fish species because the other fish have direct and indirect effects that may alter the effects of the zooplanktivore in question. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a tank mesocosm experiment of 2×2 factorial design in which the presence and absence of bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) were cross-classified with the presence and absence of a fish assemblage composed of western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The presence of bluegill decreased Daphnia, Ceriodaphnia, cyclopoid copepodids, calanoid copepodids, copepod nauplii, amphipods, gastropods, and notonectids. Daphnia, Ceriodaphnia, cyclopoid copepodids, copepod nauplii, gastropods, notonectids, Najas, and Chara were decreased and herbivorous rotifers, turbidity, chlorophyll a, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were increased in the presence of the fish assemblage. Significant bluegill×fish assemblage interaction effects were detected for Daphnia, Ceriodaphnia, cyclopoid copepodids, copepod nauplii, gastropods, and notonectids. Analysis of simple effects for these response variables revealed that all significant bluegill effects in the absence of the fish assemblage were not significant in the presence of the fish assemblage. Our results indicate that the effects of bluegill may be context dependent, or dependent upon the presence of other trophically similar fish species.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context-dependent effects of bluegill in experimental mesocosm communities

Nowlin¹,

Drenner²

2000

Oecologia

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“…In a series of deep large lakes, Hyatt & Stockner (1985) observed larger standing stocks of zooplankton and increased growth of salmon fry with added nutrients and Kelso (1985) found increased fish production with increased primary productivity. In contrast, in a series of tank mesocosms Drenner et al (1989) found no increases in zooplankton with increased nutrients. Likewise Bare Lake in Alaska received fertilizer additions which stimulated phytoplankton but zooplankton abundance did not change (Nelson & Edmondson, 1955).…”

Section: Regulation Of Lake Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 66%

Control mechanisms of arctic lake ecosystems: a limnocorral experiment

et al. 1992

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To assess the potential impact of human exploitation on arctic lakes and to determine how these ecosystems are regulated we initated a limnocorral experiment in Toolik Lake, Alaska, in the summer of 1983. The limnocorrals were 5 m in diameter and from 5-6 m in depth and were open to the sediments. In 1983 four limnocorrals were deployed in an isolated bay of Toolik Lake within a cross-classified treatment regime of high and low inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus additions and high and low free swimming fish additions. The objective of the nutrient addition was to stimulate phytoplankton growth and determine the extent to which increased plant production was passed through pelagic and benthic food chains. The objective of the fish addition was to determine the impact of fish predation on largebodied zooplankton, especially the zooplanktivorous copepod Heterocope, then to study the effect of altered Heterocope densities on small-bodied zooplankton species population dynamics. In 1984 two more limnocorrals were deployed, one a low fish, 1 x nutrient addition treatment and the other a no fish, no nutrient treatment. The fish manipulation was changed to confining several fish in cages with the cages held in corrals for varying lengths of time.The addition of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorus dramatically increased phytoplankton productivity. This increase in algal biomass and production greatly altered the light environment and water quality in the nutrient treated limnocorrals. The secchi disk depth in the nutrient treated limnocorrals declined each summer reaching as low as 1 m in 1985. Both oxygen content and pH increased in the nutrient treatment corrals. Corrals not receiving nutrient additions remained near lake concentrations for most water quality parameters. While phytoplankton biomass was stimulated in 1983 phytoplankton growth was not sufficient to draw down all the nitrogen and phosphorus added and these nutrients reached high levels in the last half of the summer. In 1984 phosphorus remained above 20 g in the nutrient-treated corrals but ammonia dropped to reference levels by day 25. In 1985 both nutrient concentrations rapidly declined to reference levels.Most pelagic components responded to the nutrient additions. Microbial production was stimulated in the nutrient treated limnocorrals and bacterial population sizes built up to nearly 8-10 times those of the reference corrals. However, microheterotrophs soon increased in abundance and apparently grazed down bacteria to reference levels. Phytoplankton population density, as estimated by chlorophyll a determinations, increased dramatically with nutrient addition such that each year the phytoplankton densities were higher than before. Primary productivity was also stimulated and appeared not to be light 144 limited even when phytoplankton densities rose to high levels. In the first two years of the experiment zooplankton densities were little altered by the increased phytoplankton densities. However, by 1985 daphnid densities were quite a bit higher in the ...

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“…La plupart des expériences ont été faites avec des poissons chassant à vue comme les menés, les crapets, les perchaudes, et les larves de dorés (VANNI, 1987 ;MAZUMDER er al., 1988 ;DRENNER et al, 1989DRENNER et al, , 1990PROULX étal., 1996). Elles ont permis de mettre en évidence des effets très variables des interactions nutriments x poissons sur la structure du plancton (composition taxonomique, structure en taille) ou certaines caractéristi-ques physico-chimiques.…”

Section: Tableauunclassified

Les réseaux trophiques lacustres: structure, fonctionnement, interactions et variations spatio-temporelles

Pinel‐Alloul¹,

Mazumber²,

Lacroix³

et al. 2005

rseau

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L'analyse comparative des réseaux trophiques lacustres est d'un grand intérêt pour le développement de la limnologie contemporaine et l'aménagement des lacs. L'analyse des mécanismes écologiques déterminant la structure et le fonctionnement des réseaux trophiques dans les lacs tempérés a permis l'émergence de plusieurs modèles, souvent contradictoires, et suscité d'intenses débats sur le rôle respectif des ressources et des prédateurs. Par contre, dans les lacs tropicaux, les études sont en majorité descriptives et la recherche de principes généraux et de concepts unificateurs y est rare. Cette synthèse présente l'état des connaissances, les approches méthodologiques, les modèles de régulation concernant la structure et le fonctionnement des réseaux trophiques lacustres. Les réseaux trophiques semblent varier selon un gradient de situations intermédiaires entre deux modèles extrêmes : (a) les milieux à cascades trophiques intenses et à effet atténué des ressources (lacs tempérés oligo-mésotrophes) caractérisés par la présence de poissons piscivores et de zooplancton herbivore de grande taille (tels Daphnia spp.) et (b) les milieux à régulation intermédiaire (lacs tempérés méso-eutrophes et la plupart des lacs tropicaux), caractérisés par la présence de poissons filtreurs microphages omnivores et de zooplancton herbivore de petite taille. Notre synthèse souligne aussi l'importance d'allier les approches expérimentales en enceintes ou par biomanipulation à des suivis à long terme et des modélisations pour avoir une bonne compréhension et des prédictions précises du fonctionnement des écosystèmes lacustres à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles et pour différentes conditions climatiques, géographiques ou trophiques.

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Interdependence of phosphorus, fish, and site effects on phytoplankton biomass and zooplankton

Cited by 28 publications

References 14 publications

Context-dependent effects of bluegill in experimental mesocosm communities

Context-dependent effects of bluegill in experimental mesocosm communities

Control mechanisms of arctic lake ecosystems: a limnocorral experiment

Les réseaux trophiques lacustres: structure, fonctionnement, interactions et variations spatio-temporelles

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