Interdependent self-construal predicts emotion suppression in Asian Americans: An electro-cortical investigation

Kraus, Brian; Kitayama, Shinobu

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107733

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Also consistent is a recent proposal that the Latino form of collectivism is convivial in that it focuses on joy and positive emotional expression in the context of social relationships (Campos & Kim, 2017;Ruby et al, 2012;Savani et al, 2013). This form of collectivism stands in contrast to the more emotionally restrained form of interdependence prevalent in East Asian cultures (Kraus & Kitayama, 2019;Murata et al, 2013;Tsai et al, 2016).…”

Section: Expressive Interdependencesupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Our work is the first to explore this possibility. (Kraus & Kitayama, 2019), which could explain why East Asians value low-arousal emotions more (Tsai et al, 2006). In East Asian societies, the expression of innermost feelings is seen as antagonistic to social harmony, and therefore, emotion suppression is highly valued (Kitayama & Salvador, 2017).…”

Section: Expressive Interdependencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Emotionally Expressive Interdependence in Latin America: Triangulating Through a Comparison of Three Cultural Regions

Salvador¹,

Si²,

Ishii³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Latin America forms a unique cultural region that is understudied in the current psychology literature. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Latin American cultures have cultivated expressive interdependence, thereby sanctioning the expression of socially engaging emotions to achieve interdependence with others. Latin American cultures may therefore be distinct from East Asian cultures, where emotion-suppression is used to promote interdependence, and European American cultures, where emotion expression is used to promote independence. We tested Colombian, Japanese, and European American young adults (total N = 550) with a set of 10 measures. We assessed features deemed core of interdependence (holistic cognition and social happiness) and features that we propose are culturally variable or subsidiary (emotional expressivity and self-assertion). In one of the core features (holistic cognition), Colombians were as interdependent as Japanese, and more so than European Americans. Curiously, the measure of social happiness, the other putative core feature, showed an unexpected pattern. Unlike Japanese happiness, Colombian happiness was dependent more on disengagement (e.g., self-esteem) than on engagement (e.g., closeness with others), similar to European Americans. Of importance, the subsidiary features differentiated the groups. Colombians were more emotionally expressive than Japanese, to a similar extent as European Americans. However, unlike European Americans, but similar to Japanese, Colombians reportedly expressed more socially engaging rather than disengaging emotions. Lastly, similar to European Americans, Colombians were more self-assertive than Japanese. Our findings offer evidence for the cultural profile of expressive interdependence in Latin America. Implications for theories of culture are discussed.

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Section: Expressive Interdependencesupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Expressive Interdependencementioning

confidence: 99%

Emotionally Expressive Interdependence in Latin America: Triangulating Through a Comparison of Three Cultural Regions

Salvador¹,

Si²,

Ishii³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Our data suggest that this practice of social distancing could prove indispensable in countries high in relational mobility. In such countries, individuals might seek new friends and acquaintances outside of their primary groups (Thomson et al, 2018), they might be more outgoing (Kim, Schimmack, Oishi, & Tsutsui, 2018), and they might not easily suppress emotions in face-to-face encounters (Kraus & Kitayama, 2019). These psychological propensities could make social ecologies particularly vulnerable to infectious disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relational Mobility Predicts Faster Spread of COVID-19: A 39-Country Study

Salvador

Berg

et al. 2020

Psychol Sci

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It has become increasingly clear that COVID-19 is transmitted between individuals. It stands to reason that the spread of the virus depends on sociocultural ecologies that facilitate or inhibit social contact. In particular, the community-level tendency to engage with strangers and freely choose friends, called relational mobility, creates increased opportunities to interact with a larger and more variable range of other people. It may therefore be associated with a faster spread of infectious diseases, including COVID-19. Here, we tested this possibility by analyzing growth curves of confirmed cases of and deaths due to COVID-19 in the first 30 days of the outbreaks in 39 countries. We found that growth was significantly accelerated as a function of a country-wise measure of relational mobility. This relationship was robust either with or without a set of control variables, including demographic variables, reporting bias, testing availability, and cultural dimensions of individualism, tightness, and government efficiency. Policy implications are also discussed.

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“…As a country with a Western culture, Israelis are more likely than the Chinese to express their emotions with close physical contact such as kissing and hugging [ 9 ]. The behaviors involved in social distancing are antithetical to Israeli society.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Adoption of Preventive Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China and Israel

Liu

Mesch

2020

IJERPH

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The COVID-19 pandemic represents a massive global health crisis. The rapid transmission rate of the virus, as well as the lack of effective medications and vaccines, has posed serious challenges to controlling the spread of the disease. Dealing with this public health crisis has required major changes in people’s behavior, including the adoption of social distancing measures such as avoiding meeting with family members and friends, crowded places, and public transportation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors associated with the adoption of these behaviors in China and Israel. We relied on the 3Cs model that has been used to predict the adoption of a specific preventive behavior (vaccinations) with the goal of testing its applicability to other preventive behaviors such as in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The model indicates that confidence in social institutions, complacency (fear of and assessments about the risk of becoming ill) and constraints (levels of self-efficacy and confidence in being able to engage in the behaviors) are predictors of adopting preventive behaviors. Data were collected in China and Israel through an online survey of the population (n = 1406). We used latent variables and structural equation modeling to test the hypotheses derived from the 3Cs model. The findings indicate that there are some differences in the types of preventive behaviors adopted in the two countries. In Israel, higher levels of confidence predicted the adoption of avoidant behaviors and more constraints predicted engaging in fewer avoidant behaviors. In China, more constraints also contributed to the adoption of fewer avoidant behaviors, but people’s level of confidence fully mediated this result. The multi-group analysis indicated that the conceptualized model fits the Chinese and Israeli data reasonably well. The findings suggest that the 3Cs model can be generalized from getting vaccinated to adopting avoidant behaviors and that the model can be used across cultures and countries.

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Interdependent self-construal predicts emotion suppression in Asian Americans: An electro-cortical investigation

Cited by 40 publications

References 52 publications

Emotionally Expressive Interdependence in Latin America: Triangulating Through a Comparison of Three Cultural Regions

Emotionally Expressive Interdependence in Latin America: Triangulating Through a Comparison of Three Cultural Regions

Relational Mobility Predicts Faster Spread of COVID-19: A 39-Country Study

The Adoption of Preventive Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic in China and Israel

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