Interdiffusion Coefficient and Dynamic Viscosity for the Mixture 2,6-Lutidine + Water near the Lower Consolute Point

Clunie, J. C.; Baird, James K.

doi:10.1080/00319109908031441

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…(For the waterlutidine mixture we use in our experiments, the value of η has been measured in Ref. [70] as a function of temperature T and composition, with η ≃ 2.09 × 10 −3 Pa s at T = 31 • C and at the critical composition.) The reduced mobility function f (v) was calculated in Ref.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the typical intensities involved in our experiment and for the temperature range studied, the contribution of this background scattering is actually negligible and, as a result, z 0 does not change significantly with temperature. The hydrodynamic method, however, requires the knowledge of the viscosity η of the mixture, which depends on temperature and sharply increases upon approaching the critical point [70] due to critical fluctuations. These fluctuations might in addition modify the expression of D ⊥ (z).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical Casimir effect in classical binary liquid mixtures

et al. 2009

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If a fluctuating medium is confined, the ensuing perturbation of its fluctuation spectrum generates Casimirlike effective forces acting on its confining surfaces. Near a continuous phase transition of such a medium the corresponding order parameter fluctuations occur on all length scales and therefore close to the critical point this effect acquires a universal character, i.e., to a large extent it is independent of the microscopic details of the actual system. Accordingly it can be calculated theoretically by studying suitable representative model systems. We report on the direct measurement of critical Casimir forces by total internal reflection microscopy with femtonewton resolution. The corresponding potentials are determined for individual colloidal particles floating above a substrate under the action of the critical thermal noise in the solvent medium, constituted by a binary liquid mixture of water and 2,6-lutidine near its lower consolute point. Depending on the relative adsorption preferences of the colloid and substrate surfaces with respect to the two components of the binary liquid mixture, we observe that, upon approaching the critical point of the solvent, attractive or repulsive forces emerge and supersede those prevailing away from it. Based on the knowledge of the critical Casimir forces acting in film geometries within the Ising universality class and with equal or opposing boundary conditions, we provide the corresponding theoretical predictions for the sphere-planar wall geometry of the experiment. The experimental data for the effective potential can be interpreted consistently in terms of these predictions and a remarkable quantitative agreement is observed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Casimir effect in classical binary liquid mixtures

et al. 2009

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“…where η 2 • 10 −3 Ns m −2 is the viscosity of the mixture close to T c [276]. The values of D ⊥ and D in Fig.…”

Section: Drift Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Optical tweezers — from calibration to applications: a tutorial

et al. 2021

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Since their invention in 1986 by Arthur Ashkin and colleagues, optical tweezers have become an essential tool in several fields of physics, spectroscopy, biology, nanotechnology, and thermodynamics. In this Tutorial, we provide a primer on how to calibrate optical tweezers and how to use them for advanced applications. After a brief general introduction on optical tweezers, we focus on describing and comparing the various available calibration techniques. Then, we discuss some cutting-edge applications of optical tweezers in a liquid medium, namely to study single-molecule and single-cell mechanics, microrheology, colloidal interactions, statistical physics, and transport phenomena. Finally, we consider optical tweezers in vacuum, where the absence of a viscous medium offers vastly different dynamics and presents new challenges. We conclude with some perspectives for the field and the future application of optical tweezers. This Tutorial provides both a step-by-step guide ideal for non-specialists entering the field and a comprehensive manual of advanced techniques useful for expert practitioners. All the examples are complemented by the sample data and software necessary to reproduce them.

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“…▲, falling ball viscometer (B/BH, Haake, Karlsruhe, Germany); Ubbelohde viscometers otherwise: ■, K η = 0.01; ⧫, K η = 0.005; ●, K η = 0.005 . The inset shows on an enlarged scale the detail for one of these sets (●) and also data from the literature: ▲, Cannon viscometer, Stein et al; ▼, Cannon-Fenske viscometer, Gülari et al; ⧫, Ostwald viscometer, Clunie and Baird …”

Section: Results and Treatment Of Datamentioning

confidence: 98%

“…31 The inset shows on an enlarged scale the detail for one of these sets (• 31 ) and also data from the literature: ▲, Cannon viscometer, Stein et al; 32 ▼, Cannon-Fenske viscometer, Gulari et al; 33 ⧫ , Ostwald viscometer, Clunie and Baird. 34 The Journal of Physical Chemistry B previously. 22 It clearly deserves further attention.…”

Section: Results and Treatment Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Alkali Halides on the Critical Exponents of the 2,6-Dimethylpyridine–Water System

2016

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The diffusion coefficients and shear viscosities of 2,6-dimethylpyridine-water mixtures of critical composition have been measured without and with small amounts of alkali halides added. The data have been analyzed in terms of power law behavior. Deviations from power law behavior indicate a coupling between the critical fluctuations in the local concentrations and the formation of mesoscopic molecular aggregates. The critical exponent of the fluctuation correlation length, the shear viscosity exponent, and the critical exponent of the relaxation rate of fluctuations have been evaluated to show noticeable influences from the salts. The correlation length exponent indicates a suppression of the critical fluctuations, whereas the viscosity exponent rather points at the activation of some extra fluctuations. No clear evidence has been obtained that the added salts affect the critical behavior, and thus cause the opposed effects in the exponents, directly by the long-range ionic fields. Alternatively, the ions may have an influence on the aggregate formation which in turn could modify the critical fluctuations either by reducing the region of true critical exponents or by affecting the critical behavior due to the presence as well as the formation and disintegration kinetics of the multimolecular structures.

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Interdiffusion Coefficient and Dynamic Viscosity for the Mixture 2,6-Lutidine + Water near the Lower Consolute Point

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

Critical Casimir effect in classical binary liquid mixtures

Critical Casimir effect in classical binary liquid mixtures

Optical tweezers — from calibration to applications: a tutorial

The Effect of Alkali Halides on the Critical Exponents of the 2,6-Dimethylpyridine–Water System

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