Interdigitation index – a parameter for differentiating between young and older skin specimens

Timár, F.; Soós, Gy.; Szende, B.; Horváth, Attila

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0846.2000.006001017.x

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…While a recent paper [22] claimed that the interdigitation index measuring the waviness of the DEJ was a simple objective method to follow the aging process, the present study did not support this claim.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Comparison of Histological Measures of Skin Photoaging

Hughes¹,

Bredoux²,

Salas³

et al. 2011

Dermatology

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Background: Dermal elastosis is considered the histological ‘gold standard’ for evaluation of skin photoaging, but the relation of the level of dermal elastosis to other histological indicators of photoaging is not clear. Objective: To investigate how various proposed histological measures of photoaging compare with the level of dermal elastosis. Methods: Prospective, community-based study in Southeast Queensland, Australia, among 89 participants aged 40–82 years. Quantitative histology was used to evaluate 8 biomarkers of photoaged skin, and associations between grades of dermal elastosis and each of the other 7 biomarkers were analysed using ordinal logistic regression models with proportional odds assumption, using histological grades of elastosis as the outcome. Results: Older age, male sex and high outdoor exposure levels were confirmed as predictors ofhigh levels of dermal elastosis. After adjustment for age and sex, the only significant positive association with increasing elastosis grades was the proportion of p53-positive cells. Epidermal thickness, interdigitation index proportion of surface covered with melanin (% Fontana-Masson staining) and glycosaminoglycan content were not associated with elastosis in either crude or adjusted models. Conclusions: Amonga range of suggested biomarkers of photoaged skin, only p53-positive cells appear to be strongly associated with the level of dermal elastosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Comparison of Histological Measures of Skin Photoaging

Hughes¹,

Bredoux²,

Salas³

et al. 2011

Dermatology

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“…In young skin, the epidermal-dermal junction shows a high density of papillae [26][27][28], which significantly contributes to its high elasticity and good microcirculation. The papilla index in aged and especially photo-aged skin is significantly reduced [11], which is accompanied by a lowering of the height of papillae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Activity of Ascorbic Acid: From in vitro Optimization to in vivo Efficacy

Raschke

Koop²,

Düsing³

et al. 2004

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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We present here a new cosmetic formula system containing 3% ascorbic acid based on an optimized oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion. This formulation demonstrated a good long-term stability of the active ingredient and also of the emulsion itself. It could be deduced from in vitro release studies that this O/W emulsion enabled a better release of the hydrophilic active agent than an alternative W/O emulsion. By measuring the ultraweak photon emission, which is a well-established parameter for the oxidative stress in the skin, the high in vivo antioxidant capacity of 3% ascorbic acid was demonstrated after 1 week of product application. This placebo-controlled study also proved that ascorbic acid in an O/W cream reduced oxidative stress in human skin significantly better than the derivative sodium ascorbyl-2-phosphate, a more stable vitamin C replacement commonly used in cosmetic formulations. With increasing age, the number of papillae in the epidermal-dermal junction zone in human skin are reduced. This implies a possible consequence of reduced mechanical resistance of the skin and impaired supply of the epidermis with nutrients. In a 1-month placebo-controlled study on 25 human volunteers, a significant increase in the number of dermal papillae after application of the 3% ascorbic acid cream was demonstrated, using a confocal laser scanning microscope. Fine lines and wrinkles are a characteristic sign of aged and especially photo-aged skin. Application of 3% ascorbic acid in a 12-week placebo-controlled usage study indicated a significant reduction of facial wrinkles. Altogether, 3% ascorbic acid in a cosmetic O/W emulsion has been shown to be appropriately stable and to enable a good release of the active agent in vitro as a precondition for a high efficacy in vivo. Application in vivo resulted in a significant reduction of oxidative stress in the skin, an improvement of the epidermal-dermal microstructure and a reduction of fine lines and wrinkles in aged skin. These results were received within a relatively short period of time of product application.

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“…For histological studies, skin samples were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin and processed for light microscopy. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) was used for overall morphological evaluation, and measurement of viable epidermal thickness and interdigitation index were performed with a computerized image analyzer ASM68K (Leica, France) as previously described [19]. The number of stratum corneum (SC) layers was determined on methylene blue-stained 5-Ìm cryostat sections after incubation with 0.5 N NaOH (Prolabo, France).…”

Section: Histology and Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological Evaluation of a Topically Applied Retinol-Vitamin C Combination

Seité

Bredoux²,

Compan³

et al. 2005

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Two double-blind studies versus vehicle were carried out to investigate the effects of a topically applied retinol plus vitamin C combination on epidermal and dermal compartments of aged or photoaged human skin. The two studies were performed on postmenopausal women who were selected for treatment based on the mild level of elastosis of their facial skin. At completion of treatment, skin biopsies were collected and processed for classical histology and immunohistochemistry. In the first study (aged skin), 8 volunteers applied the retinol- and vitamin C-containing preparation on the ventral side of one elbow and the vehicle on the other elbow twice daily for 3 months. After the 3-month treatment we observed histological changes mainly within the epidermis. The stratum corneum was thinner with a compact pattern, whereas the epidermal proliferation increased, resulting in a thickening of the viable epidermis. Moreover, the interdigitation index was increased. In the second study (photoaged skin), 11 volunteers were divided in two groups; one applied the retinol- and vitamin C-containing preparation and the other one the vehicle on their face twice daily for 6 months. Facial skin samples presented histologic hallmarks of photoaging, i.e. accumulation of elastotic material in the papillary dermis. After the 6-month topical treatment, the observed histological changes were mainly concentrated at the dermal level. Both treated and control groups showed the same distribution pattern of type I procollagen, however, the high level of type III procollagen originally observed in photoaged skin was reduced in the retinol- and vitamin C-treated group, resulting in a lower type III-to-type I procollagen ratio. Furthermore, a wide band of eosinophilic material just beneath the epidermis, devoid of oxytalan fibers and forming the ‘grenz zone’, appeared more frequently and was larger in the retinol- and vitamin C-treated group. In conclusion, our results show that repeated topical application of a preparation containing both retinol and vitamin C is able to reverse, at least in part, skin changes induced by both chronologic aging and photoaging.

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Interdigitation index – a parameter for differentiating between young and older skin specimens

Cited by 42 publications

References 3 publications

Comparison of Histological Measures of Skin Photoaging

Comparison of Histological Measures of Skin Photoaging

Topical Activity of Ascorbic Acid: From in vitro Optimization to in vivo Efficacy

Histological Evaluation of a Topically Applied Retinol-Vitamin C Combination

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