In the quest for designing affordable
diagnostic devices with high
performance, precisely functionalized carbon-based materials with
high accuracy and selectivity are required. Every material has its
own unique ability to interact with the analyte, and its performance
can be enhanced by probing the interaction mechanism. Herein, p-aminophenol (PAP)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide
(rGO) nanoscale material is developed by a one-step synthetic route
as an all-organic-based sensor. As the PAP molecules are precisely
covalently interacted with the rGO at the basal plane and form a wrinkled-paper-like
structure, the functionalized material exhibits an outstanding sensing
ability (7.5 nM neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) at a wide linear range,
0.01â100 ÎŒM) with fast electrical transduction (<3
s) and good recyclability (âŒ10 cycles) in a real sample. Combining
various analytical and density functional theory (DFT) calculation
methods, physicochemical properties and the interaction mechanism
of analyteâmaterials transduction are discussed exclusively.
Besides, the potential application of the well-dispersed rGO-PAP gravure
ink in flexible-printed electronics fields is explored. This study
not only provides new insights into the surface/interface chemistry
and working principle of this unique anchoring of PAP on rGO but also
offers a new pathway for developing other forms of metal-free/organic
functionalized biosensors with high efficiency.