Interface modification of a highly air-stable polymer solar cell

Yang, Po-Chun; Sun, Jen-Yu; Ma, Shou-Yuan; Shen, Yuning; Lin, Yuhong; Chen, Chih‐Ping; Lin, Cheng-Kai

doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2011.11.032

Cited by 41 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…PFDCTBT-C8 [81] Dark poly(fl uorenedicyclopentathiophene-altbenzothiadiazole) with octyl side chains a-PTPTBT [82] Dark Poly(thiophene-phenylene-thiophene -2,1,3-benzothia-diazole) [80][81][82][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] and under light (right). [ 73,78,[83][84][85] PCE represents the values at the point of stabilization of the aging curve ( E s value).…”

Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime of Organic Photovoltaics: Status and Predictions

Gevorgyan

Madsen

Roth

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

137

124

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performance level, especially when considering large-scale mass-produced modules, is predicted to be signifi cantly lower. [ 8 ] Nevertheless, based on recent advances in the upscaling of OPV manufacture [9][10][11][12] it is reasonable to assume that the mass production of modules with an effi ciency of more than 5% is an achievable target today. Durability of OPV is however yet to be proven and demonstrated.Due to core architectural differences between OPV and inorganic technologies [ 13 ] the established testing standards of the latter are not applicable to the former. [ 1 ] Hence, for many years the stability testing of OPV has primarily been based on customized procedures that vary from one laboratory to another, generating incomparable data. [ 14 ] Moreover, due to the complexity of the OPV device architectures [ 15 ] and a multitude of aging mechanisms taking place at the same time [ 16 ] the aging curve of OPV often takes a complex shape, which is diffi cult to model, [ 14,17 ] thus making the identifi cation of a practical operational lifetime diffi cult or impossible. [ 18 ] As a result, even with a multitude of reported review articles discussing OPV stability [ 16,[19][20][21][22][23][24] at hand, it is still challenging to identify where the technology stands in terms of lifetime. To address this it is necessary to create a yardstick -a generic marker that allows accurate rating and comparison of the lifetime for OPV, and thus enabling the gauging of progress over time. An additional complication that has arisen due to the signifi cant improvements in OPV stability and durability in recent years is that the determination of OPV lifetimes has become an impractically long process, and establishing markers for both accelerated and real operational test conditions (if successful) would allow developing a prediction tool that could speed up the stability testing process and tackle this issue.The groundwork towards creating such a marker was laid in 2011 at the International Summit on OPV Stability (ISOS) where the ISOS testing guidelines were decided upon and described for OPV technologies. [ 18 ] These guidelines were primarily aimed at harmonizing testing procedures among different laboratories by offering a set of indoor and outdoor tests with controlled conditions. This has helped to reduce variations in the reported results, making the aging studies of different laboratories more comparable. [ 25 ] While the ISOS tests harmonized the test conditions, the questions of how to generically determine the lifetime from aging curves of diverse shapes, and how to build a technique for predicting the lifetime based on accelerated tests remained.The results of a meta-analysis conducted on organic photovoltaics (OPV) lifetime data reported in the literature is presented through the compilation of an extensive OPV lifetime database based on a large number of articles, followed by analysis of the large body of data. We fully reveal the progress of reported OPV lifetimes. Furthermore, a generic lifetime marker has...

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Section: Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime of Organic Photovoltaics: Status and Predictions

Gevorgyan

Madsen

Roth

et al. 2015

Advanced Energy Materials

137

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…For instance, in P3HT oxygen has been demonstrated to react with the side chain by insertion in the alpha position relative to the thiophene ring [12].In polyfluorenes oxygen insertion next to the quaternary carbon leads to fluorenone units and results in severe damage of the polymer properties [13]. Blocking of similar carbon positions with bulky side chains that prevent oxygen insertion has resulted in important increases in device stability [14], especially when aryl groups are used instead of alkyl chains. Large improvements in the stability of organic devices can be obtained in inverted configurations that bypass the need to use PEDOT:PSS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced stability in semi-transparent PTB7/PC71BM photovoltaic cells

Romero‐Gómez

Betancur

Martínez-Otero

et al. 2015

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

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UPCommonsPortal del coneixement obert de la UPC http://upcommons.upc.edu/e-prints Abstract: We studied the performance over time of opaque and semi-transparent PTB7:PC71BM bulk hetero-junction solar cells. For unsealed inverted configuration cells we observe that when the isolation from the environment is improved, the degradation observed is dominated by one single exponential decay. We demonstrate that a dielectric multilayer stack of approximately 550 nm provides an isolation that increases the lifetime of the cell close to ten times. In that event the fill factor appears to be the PV parameter dominating cell degradation resulting from a decrease in the shunt resistance. An Impedance analysis we performed indicates that a Warburg element, attributed to the presence of slowly moving charges such as heavy ions, must be included in thedescription of the experimental data. The contribution from such element increases as the cell degrades in good agreement with a degradation dominated by the corrosive effects from external agents reaching the active layer of the device. We have revised our manuscript according to the comments and suggestions from both reviewers. Enclosed with the manuscript we provide a detailed response to the reviewers points. Essentially, we do not have any strong disagreement with the reviewers remarks and we used their comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. In response to the request of an ISOS-L-1 test made by reviewer#3, we provide a supplementary data file which is cited in the revised main text. With the submission we provide a detailed response to the reviewers points and an indication of the changes introduced. Additionally, we provide a copy of the text where all changes introduced are in blue.We would like to use this opportunity to thank you again for all the time and consideration dedicated to our manuscript. In the first paragraph in page 6 of the revised manuscript the following sentenceis included: For V< 0,6 V the Warburg feature is not observed and therefore R w is set to 0. The second paragraph in page 6 has been rewritten as follows: Nyquist plots at four different voltages are shown in figures 6 as examples of impedance measurements for three different times. We observe a good agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical fit. The main feature in the complex plane is a typical depressed semicircle in the medium-high frequency range, a standard behaviour in organic solar cells associated to carrier recombination. The semicircle diameter increases with time, which implies an increase of the parallel resistance R P . This leads to a corresponding rise of the recombination time and therefore to an enhancement of the carrier density. Besides, the semicircle depression is more pronounced with time, leading to a decrease of CPE P parameter, and thus moving away from the ideal capacitor behaviour. At low frequencies, for V = 0.6 and 0.8 V, one may observe a tail associated to a Warburg behaviour that is more pronounced as time evolves. This results in an ...

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“…Within the development of polymer solar cells that seek for stability and lifetime, an inverted structure with reverse electron flow has shown its significance recently [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. In conventional structures, poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PPS), a conductive polymer, which is frequently deposited as the hole transport layer (HTL), is found to cause corrosion to ITO.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface modification of a highly air-stable polymer solar cell

Cited by 41 publications

References 57 publications

Lifetime of Organic Photovoltaics: Status and Predictions

Lifetime of Organic Photovoltaics: Status and Predictions

Enhanced stability in semi-transparent PTB7/PC71BM photovoltaic cells

Enhancing performance of inverted polymer solar cells using two-growth ZnO nanorods

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