Interface–property relationships in biaxially stretched PP–PET blends

Morphology, structure, and properties of poly(lactic acid) microporous films containing poly(butylene terephthalate) fine fibers fabricated by biaxial stretching

“…Up to now, the following mechanisms are believed to be responsible for a large number of microvoids: (1) volume contraction accompanied with the phase transformation, (2) large negative pressure between thick lamellae of b-form crystals, 12 and (3) numerous void-opening points around nucleating agents. 3,[15][16][17] The biaxially stretched films of polyolefin filled with 15 wt % of CaCO 3 particles showed the noninterconnected porous structure, generated from the particle-matrix decohesion owing to poor interfacial specific interaction between polymer and particles. 3,[15][16][17] The biaxially stretched films of polyolefin filled with 15 wt % of CaCO 3 particles showed the noninterconnected porous structure, generated from the particle-matrix decohesion owing to poor interfacial specific interaction between polymer and particles.…”

“…3,[15][16][17] The biaxially stretched films of polyolefin filled with 15 wt % of CaCO 3 particles showed the noninterconnected porous structure, generated from the particle-matrix decohesion owing to poor interfacial specific interaction between polymer and particles. 16 In contrast, incorporation of an interfacial modifier showed the low levels of void volume because of the increased interfacial strength. They created nanoscale microcracks around the dispersions and subsequently drew it at elevated temperature to enlarge the pore size.…”

Grafting of maleic anhydride onto polypropylene, in the presence and absence of styrene, for compatibilization of poly(ethylene terephthalate)/(ethylene–propylene) blends

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Some authors have investigated the inclusion of an electron-donating comonomer, such as styrene (ST) for instance, which activates the maleic anhydride double bond, making it more reactive toward PP. Lepers et al 22,23 investigated the effect of SEBS-MA addition on the compatibilization of unoriented and oriented PP/PET blends and observed a reduction in size of the PP phase dispersed in the PET matrix as well as an increase in compatibility corroborated by improved mechanical properties and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The graft copolymer acts at the interface between both polymers and promotes adhesion between the two phases which results in stress transfer and reduction in interfacial tension.…”

“…According to the authors, TPO improved the effectiveness of PP-g-MA because TPO reduced interface tension and blocked migration of PP-g-MA to the PP phase. Lepers et al 22,23 investigated the effect of SEBS-MA addition on the compatibilization of unoriented and oriented PP/PET blends and observed a reduction in size of the PP phase dispersed in the PET matrix as well as an increase in compatibility corroborated by improved mechanical properties and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Heino et al 24 investigated compatibilization of 20/80 and 80/20 PET/PP blends.…”

Behavior of Deformed Droplets in an Immiscible Polymer Blend: A Comparative Study of Electron Microscopy and Small‐Angle X‐Ray Scattering

“…This is caused by the fact that for polymer blends with typical particle sizes from about hundreds of nanometers to few microns, the scattering angles required for the estimation of the particle size are very small, making it hard to access them experimentally. Therefore, the X‐ray scattering techniques are usually used only for the characterization of the crystallization behavior of polymer blends 4, 5. Recently, Brinker et al6 used the so‐called Porod scattering7 for a direct determination of the dispersed particle size from small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements.…”