Interfacial behavior of mechanically anchored FRP laminates for strengthening steel beams

Optimizing the degree of carbon nanotube dispersion in a solvent for producing reinforced epoxy matrices

“…Owing to FRP high strength, lightweight and tailor-ability, they can be used for flexural and shear reinforcement of beams [9][10][11][12], strengthening of columns through external confinement [6] and prevention of the local buckling of thin-walled A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 3 structures [13]. FRP could be used under different types of loads such as static loads [14], dynamic loads, impact loads [15][16][17], seismic loads [8] and fatigue [18][19][20].…”

Numerical modelling of the mechanical behaviour of steel brace modified by CFRP sheet

“…In this case, safety factor is half (1=2) to prevent tearing in appearance of tension in CFRP and hole. The critical range should be in arms; hence, the width of the plate has been enhanced in the junction zone of CFRP and the distance between screws is 6d (d = Diameter) based on the previous experiments [21]. The distance between the two plates is at least 2% the height of the frame, according to IBC2006 [19]; therefore, in this case, it is 10 cm.…”

“…The idea of strengthening steel elements using mechanically anchored FRP laminates emerged as a consequence of the successful application of this technique to FRP-BR connections. The favorable ductile behavior and signi cant increase in the load-carrying capacity of the strengthened concrete sections opened the doors for researchers to conduct further investigations in this eld [16]. In a common system, decreasing the ductility occurred versus increasing the sti ness against lateral load.…”

Behaviour of connections for hybrid FRP/steel shear walls

“…It was found that there is an increase in both the energy dissipation and load carrying capacity of the tested connections. Extensive experimental research was conducted on double-lap hybrid FRP-steel bolted connections assessing parameters such as number of washers, clamping torque, diameter of hole, and spacing of bolts, where it was recommended that two washers be used with snug-tight knots in standard sized holes (Abou El-Hamd et al, 2018).In another publication parameters such as sheared edge distance and rolled edge distance and spacing between bolts on FRP-steel anchored connections was also assessed, it was concluded that the sheared edge distance is approximately 6 to 7 times bolt hole diameter and that the rolled edge distance effects area insignificant it the conducted study (Sweedan et al, 2013). This paper attempts to establish the factors that help improve energy absorption capacity of steel to hybrid (steel/GFRP) and steel to GFRP double lap shear connections.…”