Interfacial Effect of Oxygen-Doped Nanodiamond on CuO and Micropyramidal Silicon Heterostructures for Efficient Nonenzymatic Glucose Sensor

Abstract

Herein, the novel strategy of copper oxide (CuO) deposited oxygen-doped nitrogen incorporated nanodiamond (NOND)/Si pyramids (Pyr-Si) heterostructure is studied for high-performance nonenzymatic glucose sensor. The combined properties of surface-modified NOND/Pyr-Si induced by different growth durations (5 to 20 min) of CuO is envisioned to improve glucose sensitivity and stability. For comparison, the same methods and parameters were deposited on the plane silicon wafers. The systematic analysis reveals the best glucose sensing properties of 15 min grown CuO/NOND/Pyr-Si based sensor, with a high sensitivity of 1993 μA mM −1 cm −2 , a lower limit of detection of 0.1 μm, and a longer stability of 28 d (∼96%). In addition, the present sensor exhibits good selectivity of glucose among other analytes such as sodium chloride, ascorbic acid, uric acid, and so on. The enhancement in glucose sensing performances of the as-fabricated CuO/NOND/Pyr-Si is ascribed to the interfacial effect of NOND and the synergistic effect of CuO and NOND/Pyr-Si. Moreover, the oxygen dopant in NOND and CuO stimulates the reactive oxygen species while measuring glucose and affords rapid recovery (<2 s). This promotes fast electron kinetics in the electrocatalytic solutions, which enhances the electroactive area and thereby contributes to a high sensitivity. These salient results suggested that the as-fabricated CuO/NOND/Pyr-Si sensor is more suitable for high-performance biosensors and effective energy storage device applications.

Facile Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Sensing for Glucose Based on Cu2O–BSA Nanoparticles Modified GCE

“…Transition metals are low cost and can be used as electrocatalytic materials for glucose. There are many electrocatalysts reported for transition metals, including pure metals [6,25], bimetals [7,26,27,28], compounds [29,30,31,32], and composites [33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44] for non-enzymatic glucose sensors. The catalytic principle of non-enzymatic glucose sensors based on transition metals is by using the d-electron of d-orbital to form medium-strength bonds with substrates, so that the analyte can be easily adsorbed at any time, and its products can be easily desorbed [3].…”

“…Justice Babu et al [36] assumed 3D dendrite Cu-Co/reduced graphene oxide architectures on a disposable pencil graphite electrode as an electrochemical sensor for non-enzymatic glucose detection. Huang et al [35] probed copper oxide (CuO) deposited oxygen-doped nitrogen incorporating nanodiamond (NOND)/Si pyramid (Pyr-Si) heterostructure for high-performance non-enzymatic glucose sensor. The growth time of CuO/NOND/Pyr-Si sensor is only 15 min, with a high sensitivity of 1993 μA mM −1 cm −2 , a lower limit of detection of 0.1 μM, a linear range 5–700 μM, a rapid recovery (<2 s) and longer stability of 28 d (∼96%).…”

Copper oxide integrated perylene diimide self-assembled graphitic pencil for robust non-enzymatic dopamine detection

“…Furthermore, a strong absorption peak was observed at 942 cm −1 owing to a characteristic band of the CuO nanoparticles. Likewise, the peaks appearing between 1400 to 1558 cm −1 correspond to the symmetrical and asymmetrical stretching frequencies of Cu–O, 43 as shown in Fig. 4(A)(b) .…”

Solvothermal synthesis of Fe3O4 nanospheres for high-performance electrochemical non-enzymatic glucose sensor

“…However, high levels of the blood glucose that existed in human body may lead to diabetes and complications 5 . Diabetes, a serious metabolic disease, has become a global health problem as a growing threat to human body 6 – 9 . Hence, the use of appropriate treatment to monitor and detect glucose concentration in human blood has been particularly significant 10 – 13 .…”