Interfacial Effects of the CuO/GO Composite to Mediate the Side Reactions of N,N-Dimethylformamide Fragments

Abstract

The interface between nanocatalysts and graphene oxide (GO) has been found to play a crucial role in enhancing the catalytic activity and improving the selectivity of amination reactions in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The composite catalysts of CuO/GO used for the catalytic coupling of aryl halides with amines in DMF can completely inhibit the side reaction between the aryl halides and fragments of DMF. With identical amounts of Cu-catalysts, the conversion of iodobenzene and the selectivity for the target product reached 100% when CuO/GO composite catalysts were employed, while these results were 70.3 and 42.8%, respectively, when CuO catalysts were used alone. Experimental evidence confirms that the interfacial effect of CuO/GO is the origination of the improved performance of composite catalysts, which has been found to efficiently transfer fragments of DMF to GO and avoid unexpected side reactions during the catalytic process.

Dual Effects of N,N-dimethylformamide on Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Breast Cancer

“… 24 Some protective compounds (eg, graphene oxide and cupric oxide) against DMF treatment can reduce the tissue damage, but an affordable protection is unguaranteed. 25 Therefore, it is necessary to determine more effective and low-toxic drugs for therapeutic purposes. We showed here that the different doses of DMF modulate cancer cell behavior differently and therefore warrant caution in its use.…”

Deeply Repairing Surface States with Wet Chemistry Methods: Enhanced Performance in TiO2 Nanowire Arrays‐Based Optoelectronic Device

“…The O 2c site will lead to the formation of trap states in relatively deeper energy levels that extend virtually all the way to the conduction band edge, and the photoelectrons can be injected into the conduction band edge and/or surface trap states. [20][21][22][23][24][25] The PL spectrum is applied to investigate the surface characteristics of semiconductors, [16][17][18][19] which can be used to reveal the migration, transfer, and recombination processes of photoexcited electron-hole pairs. As shown in Figure 5, there are four main emission peaks appearing at 423, 440, 460 and 486 nm, which are equivalent to 2.93, 2.81, 2.69 and 2.55 eV, respectively.…”

“…Generally, a longer electron lifetime of photoexcited carriers will lead to a higher V oc and J sc , resulting in a higher photovoltage for the solar cell devices. Ingeneral, Jsc can be estimated from the following formula: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 J sc = h (lh) h (ci) h (ct) J sum , [20][21][22][23][24][25][26] where h (lh) is the light-harvesting efficiency, h (ci) is the charge-injection efficiency, h (ct) is the charge-transfer efficiency, and J sum is the sum of photocurrent. The UV-Vis absorption results ( Figure S5) of the dye solutions desorbed from the three samples indicate that both the h (lh) and h (ci) values of dye@TiO 2 -NWA cells which seems to adsorb more dye molecules are higher than that of QDs/dye@TiO 2 -NWA cells.…”

Recent Progress in Application of Graphene Supported Metal Nanoparticles in C−C and C−X Coupling Reactions

“…In 2014, for the first time, Qu et al . reported the formation of CuO/GO with an average length of 200 nm (Figure ) . Then, the CuO/GO was used to catalyze the C−N coupling reactions of aryl halides with amines in DMF (Scheme ).…”