Interfacial electronic engineering of Ru/FeRu nanoparticles as efficient trifunctional electrocatalyst for overall water splitting and Zn-air battery

Fe Engineering on Ru Nanosheets for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution in pH-Universal Media

“…Ruthenium (Ru) is the most inexpensive element among noble metals. , Moreover, Ru possesses a comparable binding for hydrogen (65 kcal mol –1 ) as Pt (62 kcal mol –1 ). − Prior investigations suggest that engineering on size, dimension, and composition are effective to optimize the Ru property, for expediting hydrogen generation. − Volmer and Heyrovsky processes are the general rate-determining steps for nonacidic hydrogen production, which typically depend on the ability of water dissociation and hydrogen binding, respectively . Henceforth, ration design is desirable to reach high-performance Ru-based HER catalysts.…”

“…10 Ruthenium (Ru) is the most inexpensive element among noble metals. 13,14 Moreover, Ru possesses a comparable binding for hydrogen (65 kcal mol −1 ) as Pt (62 kcal mol −1 ). 15−17 Prior investigations suggest that engineering on size, dimension, and composition are effective to optimize the Ru property, for expediting hydrogen generation.…”

Tuning the electronic communication of the Ru–O bond in ultrafine Ru nanoparticles to boost the alkaline electrocatalytic hydrogen production activity at large current density

“…Ruthenium (Ru) in the form of nanoparticles, 15 alloys 16,17 and single atoms 18,19 showed HER activity in alkaline solution comparable to that of commercial platinum catalysts. Ru nano-particles have promoted catalytic performance via suitable hetero-atom doping, adjusting the morphology and reconstituting the nanostructure.…”

Ultrathin IrRu nanocages with tunable electronic reciprocity for highly efficient water splitting in acidic media

“…17 Moreover, the Ru element easily forms high valence species under electro-oxidation processes, which are readily dissolved with devitalized activity. [18][19][20][21] Considering the optimal trade-off of Ir element in terms of activity and stability, combining Ir with Ru could effectively save the faltering stability of Ru through forming the IrRuO x species, thereby enhancing the anti-resistance against acidic electrolytes. [22][23][24][25] Overall, these merits make IrRu-based nanocrystals the most promising catalysts for a combined HER and OER under the acidic medium.…”