“…To combine the advantages of both types of electrolytes, composite electrolytes have been developed where ceramic particles are dispersed in a polymer electrolyte matrix (Figure a) . As demonstrated in previous work, the fillers could be either non-Li + conducting, such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , and ZrO 2 , or Li + conducting, such as Li 0.5 La 0.5 TiO 3 (LLTO), LLZO, and LATP. , For nonconducting fillers, ionic conductivities in the order of 10 –5 S/cm can be achieved, and the mechanism is considered to be the amorphorization of PEO and the creation of space-charge regions to facilitate Li + transport. , For ion-conducting fillers, the ionic conductivity in the order of 10 –4 S/cm has been reported . However, the arrangement of fillers is either uniform dispersion or fibers nearly in parallel to the surface of the solid electrolyte membrane .…”