Interfacing modular multilevel converters for grid integration of renewable energy sources

Shahnazian, Fatemeh; Adabi, Jafar; Pouresmaeil, Edris; Catalão, João P.S.

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2018.03.014

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…In addition, the voltage fluctuation is reduced with the voltage balancing and averaging of sub-modules of MMC. In [184], a second harmonic reference injection in the modulation process of MMC is used to mitigate circulating current and achieve stable operation of MMC during grid integration of RESs. Also, a capacitor voltage balancing algorithm is incorporated in the control strategy to keep the voltage of each sub-module within the acceptable limits.…”

Section: Power Quality Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Level Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources Into Grid Utility: Challenges and Solutions

et al. 2020

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The utilization of renewable energy sources (RESs) has become significant throughout the world, especially over the last two decades. Although high-level RESs penetration reduces negative environmental impact compared to conventional fossil fuel-based energy generation, control issues become more complex as the system inertia is significantly decreased due to the absence of conventional synchronous generators. Some other technical issues, high uncertainties, low fault ride through capability, high fault current, low generation reserve, and low power quality, arise due to RESs integration. Renewable energy like solar and wind are highly uncertain due to the intermittent nature of wind and sunlight. Cutting edge technologies including different control strategies, optimization techniques, energy storage devices, and fault current limiters are employed to handle those issues. This paper summarizes several challenges in the integration process of high-level RESs to the existing grid. The respective solutions to each challenge are presented and discussed. A comprehensive list of challenges and solutions, for both wind and solar energy integration cases, are well documented. Finally, the future recommendations are provided to solve the several problems of renewable energy integration which could be key research areas for the industry personnel and researchers.

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Section: Power Quality Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Level Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources Into Grid Utility: Challenges and Solutions

et al. 2020

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“…total efficiency solarEf f iciency , and the panel's area P anelSurf ace as expressed in in (3). In this study, forecasted PV power generation is calculated based on notional insolation forecasts.…”

Section: Photovoltaic Panelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intermittency of renewable energy sources limits its power generation contribution in microgrids. As a remedy, several technical solutions were proposed such as flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) [1] and modular multilevel converters (MMCs) [2,3]. For instance, power blackouts are more frequent and risks of grid instability are severer when the percentage of renewable generation increase [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic optimal management of a hybrid microgrid based on weather forecasts

Bouaicha¹,

Craparo²,

Dallagi³

et al. 2020

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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Hybrid microgrids containing both renewable and conventional power sources are becoming increasingly attractive for a variety of reasons. However, intermittency of renewable power production and uncertainty in future load prediction increase risks of electric grid instability and, by consequence, restrict the portion of renewable power production in microgrids. In order, to prefigure the upcoming renewable power production, particularly, wind power and photovoltaic power, we suggest using weather forecasts. In addition to illustrating short term renewable power prediction based on ensemble weather forecasts, this paper focuses on optimizing the management of distributed power generation, power storage, and power exchange with the commercial electric grid. Establishing an optimal operating plan for the grid makes the integration of the predicted renewable production more efficient. The optimization problem is formulated as an integer linear program. The operating plan is initially optimized over the upcoming day and then regularly updated and incremented to cover a longer time horizon. After analyzing the obtained plans, we test and evaluate them relative to the observed weather conditions. Finally, we investigate some practical problems that had arisen and we apply a time cascade optimization technique to mitigate the effects of initial conditions and end-of-horizon effects, as well as to take advantage of updated forecasts.

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“…Ref. [8] proposed a control technique for control of interfaced MMCs between the renewable energy sources (RESs) and power grid. The authors of this paper provided dynamic and steady state analysis of a grid-connected MMC supplied by RESs through DC, first and second harmonic models of the interfaced converter in dq reference frame.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Modular Multilevel Converters Under Loading Variations in Distributed Generation Applications

Pouresmaeil

Mehrasa

Rodrigues

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Syst

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In this paper, a function-based modulation control strategy for modular multilevel converters (MMCs) in a distributed generation (DG) system is proposed. Two novel modulation functions are introduced in this paper for the switching state functions of the lower and upper sub-modules of the interfaced MMC, which is considered as the main contribution of this control technique over other control methods. The amplitude and phase angle of the output current of the interfaced MMC can be easily applied to the proposed modulation functions to prepare a specific active and reactive power injection into the demand side. In addition, the equivalent capacitors of the lower and upper submodules are defined by taking into account the introduced modulation functions to guarantee an appropriate operation for the interfaced MMC in DG systems. Simulation results validate the capability of the proposed control method for MMCs under load variations.

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Interfacing modular multilevel converters for grid integration of renewable energy sources

Cited by 29 publications

References 34 publications

High-Level Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources Into Grid Utility: Challenges and Solutions

High-Level Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources Into Grid Utility: Challenges and Solutions

Dynamic optimal management of a hybrid microgrid based on weather forecasts

Control of Modular Multilevel Converters Under Loading Variations in Distributed Generation Applications

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