Interferometric apodization of rectangular apertures

Aime, Claude; Soummer, Rémi; Ferrari, A.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011293

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Apodization by Mach-Zehnder type pupil plane interferometry was also suggested by Aime et al (2001) to produce a continuous apodization, but it is not explored in this work.…”

Section: Conventional Pupil Apodization (Cpa) With Amplitude Masksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Limits on Extrasolar Terrestrial Planet Detection with Coronagraphs

Guyon¹,

Pluzhnik²,

Kuchner³

et al. 2006

ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S

308

269

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Many high-contrast coronagraph designs have recently been proposed. In this paper, their suitability for direct imaging of extrasolar terrestrial planets is reviewed. We also develop a linear algebra based model of coronagraphy that can both explain the behavior of existing coronagraphs and quantify the coronagraphic performance limit imposed by fundamental physics. We find that the maximum theoretical throughput of a coronagraph is equal to 1 minus the nonaberrated noncoronagraphic PSF of the telescope. We describe how a coronagraph reaching this fundamental limit may be designed, and how much improvement over the best existing coronagraph design is still possible. Both the analytical model and numerical simulations of existing designs also show that this theoretical limit rapidly degrades as the source size is increased: the ''highest performance'' coronagraphs, those with the highest throughput and smallest inner working angle (IWA), are the most sensitive to stellar angular diameter. This unfortunately rules out the possibility of using a small IWA (

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“…Apodization by Mach-Zehnder type pupil plane interferometry was also suggested by Aime et al (2001) to produce a continuous apodization, but it is not explored in this work.…”

Section: Conventional Pupil Apodization (Cpa) With Amplitude Masksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical Limits on Extrasolar Terrestrial Planet Detection with Coronagraphs

Guyon¹,

Pluzhnik²,

Kuchner³

et al. 2006

ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S

308

269

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Aime et al (2001) proposed using a Michelson or a Mach-Zehnder interferometer to obtain cosine-shaped apodizations. The technique was generalized to any apodizing curve by Pueyo et al (2004), using deformable mirrors.…”

Section: Discussion and Possible Implementation Of An Apalcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principle of an Achromatic Prolate Apodized Lyot Coronagraph

Aime¹

2005

PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC

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ABSTRACT. In this paper we give the principle of an achromatic Prolate Apodized Lyot Coronagraph (PALC), which uses a wavelength-dependent transmission of the entrance aperture to compensate for the chromatic effect of diffraction. For a fixed mask size, the aperture transmission must follow a prolate function of strength that is variable with the wavelength so that the coronagraph operates as a perfect PALC for each wavelength of the spectral bandwidth. The apodization must be stronger in the blue than in the red. The residual stellar light, reduced to a very low level for a small mask size, appears mainly in the red part of the spectral bandwidth. Numerical simulations are given for the perfect case, and solutions for realizing the needed wavelength-dependent transmission using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer are considered.

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“…We do not consider in this paper other mask functions for which the mask transmission itself is also apodized (Watson et al 1991). The parameter has only two relevant values (Aime et al 2001(Aime et al , 2002): = 1 for an opaque mask (Lyot's coronagraphy) and = 2 for a π Phase Mask (PM) (Roddier and Roddier's coronagraphy). An optical system is then used to obtain an image of the telescope aperture in plane C. Here also, the complex amplitude of the wave is written using a scaled HT of Eq.…”

Section: Equations For Coronagraphy With Circular Apodized Aperturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the rectangular aperture case we analyzed (Aime et al 2001), the apodization solution is given by the linear prolate spheroidal functions discovered by Slepian & Pollak (1961). These functions have already found many applications in optics, as well described by Frieden (1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stellar coronagraphy with prolate apodized circular apertures

Soummer¹,

Aime²,

Falloon³

2003

A&A

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155

188

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Abstract. This paper generalizes to circular apertures the theoretical study of stellar coronagraphy with prolate apodized rectangular entrance apertures of Aime et al. (2002). The main difference between the two studies is that circular prolate spheroidal functions are used for a circular aperture instead of linear prolate spheroidal functions for rectangular apertures. Owing to the radial property of the problem, the solution to the general equation for coronagraphy is solved using a Hankel transform instead of a product of Fourier transforms in the rectangular case. This new theoretical study permits a better understanding of coronagraphy, stressing the importance of entrance pupil apodization. A comparison with the classical unapodized Lyot technique is performed: a typical gain of 10 4 to 10 6 can be obtained theoretically with this technique. Circular and rectangular apertures give overall comparable results: a total extinction of the star light is obtained for Roddier & Roddier's phase mask technique whilst optimal starlight rejections are obtained with a Lyot opaque mask. A precise comparison between a circular aperture and a square aperture of same surface favors the use of a circular aperture for detection of extrasolar planets.

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Interferometric apodization of rectangular apertures

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Theoretical Limits on Extrasolar Terrestrial Planet Detection with Coronagraphs

Theoretical Limits on Extrasolar Terrestrial Planet Detection with Coronagraphs

Principle of an Achromatic Prolate Apodized Lyot Coronagraph

Stellar coronagraphy with prolate apodized circular apertures

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