Interictal Behavioral Features of Patients With Epilepsy

Dodrill, Carl B.; Batzel, Lawrence W.

doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb05741.x

Cited by 89 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The presence of active epilepsy (i.e., persistence of seizures in the preceding 6 months) was another risk factor for depression and a hallmark of the severity of psychiatric symptoms. An association was found by others between depression and increased seizure frequency (26,27). By contrast, fewer psychosocial problems were reported by patients who were seizure free and off drugs in the preceding year in a community-based sample (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Depression is defined by a score of ≥8. Severity of depression also can be categorized as follows: mild (8)(9)(10)(11)(12), moderate (13)(14)(15)(16)(17), major (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29), and severe (30-52) (9). HRQOL was measured by using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) (10), a form developed for the assessment of the general health and functional capability.…”

Section: Tests For the Diagnosis Of Depression And For The Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Depression and Altered Quality of Life in Women with Epilepsy of Childbearing Age

2003

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Summary:Purpose: To calculate the prevalence of depression in a referral population of women of childbearing age, to define the factors associated with depression, and to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in the same population.Methods: The 642 consecutive women with epilepsy aged 18-55 years were enrolled by 40 neurologists over an 8-month period and asked to give details on selected demographic and clinical features regarding the disease, any associated clinical condition, and any drug treatment. Depression was diagnosed by using the Hamilton depression scale and HRQOL was measured through the SF-36 form. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic risk factors for depression were searched for within the study population.Results: Depression (any severity) was present at interview in 242 women, giving a prevalence rate of 37.7% [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.9-41.6]. Mild depression was reported by 18.5% of women, moderate depression by 8.6%, major depression by 10.3%, and severe depression by 0.3%. Factors found to be independently associated with depression (any severity) included treatment of associated conditions [relative risk (RR), 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.8), concurrent disability (RR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.6), seizures in the preceding 6 months (RR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7), and being unemployed or a housewife (RR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5). Factors associated with moderate to severe depression included treatment for associated conditions (RR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.4-2.7), seizures in the preceding 6 months (RR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.2-2.5), and being unemployed or a housewife (RR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2). Compared with normal women of similar age, patients with epilepsy tended to present lower scores for each HRQOL domain (mostly Role Physical, General Health, Social Functioning, and Role Emotional). However, when the analysis was limited to nondepressed women with epilepsy, any difference disappeared.Conclusions: Women with epilepsy of childbearing age are at high risk of depression. Factors associated with depression include lack of occupation, the presence of an underlying disabling condition (with treatment), and the severity of epilepsy. Compared with the general population, depressed women have greater impairment of HRQOL with epilepsy, which reflects the physical, social, and emotional implications of the disease. Key Words: Depression-Epilepsy-HRQOL.The association between epilepsy and depression is well known. The prevalence of interictal depression in patients with epilepsy has been shown to range between 9 and 55%, depending on the sample population and the methods of assessment (1). By contrast, the prevalence of depression in the general population is thought to be 1-3% in men and 2-9% in women (2). A history of depression is significantly more frequent in patients with epilepsy than in nonepilepsy controls (3), and major depression is a risk factor for seizures (4). Several factors have been implicated in the development of depression in patients with epilepsy, including genetic susceptibility, etiology, seizu...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Tests For the Diagnosis Of Depression And For The Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Altered Quality of Life in Women with Epilepsy of Childbearing Age

2003

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“…Furthermore, Kanner and Palac (2000) have emphasized the clinical significance of this epilepsy-specific mood disorder, demonstrating that at least three quarters of epilepsy patients with depressive symptoms have non-clinical depression according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria, and that anhedonia without sadness or irritability may predominate. However, others refute the idea of an epilepsy-specific mood disorder and suggest that depressive symptoms in epilepsy are similar to those seen in patients without epilepsy ( Standage and Fenton 1975;Dodrill and Batzel 1986;Metcalfe et al 1988;Reilly et al 2006). Overall, the prevailing idea is that the constellation of depressive symptoms in patients with epilepsy mostly overlaps with that observed among patients with idiopathic major depression (Lambert and Robertson 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Anger Is a Distinctive Feature of Epilepsy Patients with Depression

Mori

Kanemoto

Onuma

et al. 2014

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…Also seizures, especially secondarily generalized seizures, might have an effect on cognition. In patients with a high number of secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures (SGTCS), cognitive decline has been described (Dodrill, 2002;Dodrill and Batzel, 1986;Stefan and Pauli, 2002; Thompson and Duncan, 2005;Trimble, 1988), although data are sometimes contradictory (Helmstaedter and Elger, 1999;Kramer et al, 2006). In various preclinical and clinical studies, changes in cerebral metabolism (Bernasconi et al, 2002;Jokeit et al, 1997;Miller et al, 2000;Tasch et al, 1999) and neuronal loss (Kotloski et al, 2002) were observed shortly after SGTCS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multimodal MRI Reveals Secondarily Generalized Seizure Related Abnormalities at 1.5 T: Preliminary Findings

Jansen¹,

Vlooswijk²,

Reijs³

et al. 2015

JMED

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Patients with chronic epilepsy, who have suffered a high number of secondarily generalized tonicclonic seizures (SGTCS) frequently show cognitive comorbidity. It is yet unclear whether a higher number of SGTCS is associated with tissue changes in the brain. We have investigated in patients with chronic epilepsy whether a high number of SGTCS accumulated over life is associated with microstructural changes in brain tissue. Sixteen patients with localization-related epilepsy with SGTCS underwent a multimodal quantitative Magnetic Resonance (MR) examination at 1.5 T, comprising T2 relaxometry, and diffusion weighted imaging to study microstructural changes in the temporal and frontal lobes. Fourteen healthy volunteers were also included to assess the effect of age. Patients with more than 20 SGTCS (n=8) showed a significantly lower IQ (-20%, p<0.05) compared to those with less than 20 SGTCS (n=8). Furthermore, regional combined multimodal analysis revealed that significant quantitative MRI changes, related to the number of SGTCS, were present in the frontal lobe but not in the temporal lobe. Moreover, the left and right frontal lobe generally displayed lower T2 relaxation times, smaller pericortical cerebrospinal fluid fraction and lower apparent diffusion coefficients, in the patients with more than 20 SGTCS. These findings suggest that SGTCS are associated with substantial changes in microstructural brain tissue characteristics within the frontal lobes. These frontal changes possibly explain the cognitive problems which are often observed in patients with many SGTCS. This knowledge may help in the development of treatment aimed at preventing decline in cognitive abilities.

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Interictal Behavioral Features of Patients With Epilepsy

Cited by 89 publications

References 47 publications

Depression and Altered Quality of Life in Women with Epilepsy of Childbearing Age

Depression and Altered Quality of Life in Women with Epilepsy of Childbearing Age

Anger Is a Distinctive Feature of Epilepsy Patients with Depression

Multimodal MRI Reveals Secondarily Generalized Seizure Related Abnormalities at 1.5 T: Preliminary Findings

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