Interkinetic Nuclear Movement in the Ventricular Zone of the Cortex

Reiner, Orly; Sapir, Tamar; Gerlitz, Gabi

doi:10.1007/s12031-011-9633-0

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Disrupting the maintenance of adherens junctions impairs the Wnt pathway, shortens cell cycle and induces early neuronal differentiation. Both the apically localized Numb and β-catenin are negatively correlated with neuronal differentiation; that is, their constitutive expression results in decreased differentiation, and their reduction leads to decreased cell proliferation (Reiner et al, 2012). Likewise, the PAR complex is positively associated with maintaining a proliferative fate (Cappello et al, 2006; Costa et al, 2008; Bultje et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-cell autonomous and non-catalytic activities of ATX in the developing brain

et al. 2015

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The intricate formation of the cerebral cortex requires a well-coordinated series of events, which are regulated at the level of cell-autonomous and non-cell autonomous mechanisms. Whereas cell-autonomous mechanisms that regulate cortical development are well-studied, the non-cell autonomous mechanisms remain poorly understood. A non-biased screen allowed us to identify Autotaxin (ATX) as a non-cell autonomous regulator of neural stem cells. ATX (also known as ENPP2) is best known to catalyze lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) production. Our results demonstrate that ATX affects the localization and adhesion of neuronal progenitors in a cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous manner, and strikingly, this activity is independent from its catalytic activity in producing LPA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-cell autonomous and non-catalytic activities of ATX in the developing brain

et al. 2015

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“…In this region, neural progenitors exhibit elevator-like, to-and-fro nuclear movements called interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) (Schaper, 1897;Sauer, 1935;Sauer and Walker, 1959;Sidman et al, 1959;Fujita, 1962). Studies of the mechanisms underlying INM have shown that both microtubuleand actomyosin-dependent mechanisms are involved (reviewed in Miyata, 2008;Taverna and Huttner, 2010;Kosodo, 2012;Reiner et al, 2012;Spear and Erickson, 2012;Lee and Norden, 2013). One of the essential roles of INM is prevention of overcrowding in the VZ, thereby ensuring the aforementioned normal segregation between neurons and progenitors, as well as subsequent formation of ordered neuronal layers (Okamoto et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ferret–mouse differences in interkinetic nuclear migration and cellular densification in the neocortical ventricular zone

Okamoto

Shinoda

Kawaue

et al. 2014

Neuroscience Research

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The thick outer subventricular zone (OSVZ) is characteristic of the development of human neocortex. How this region originates from the ventricular zone (VZ) is largely unknown. Recently, we showed that over-proliferation-induced acute nuclear densification and thickening of the VZ in neocortical walls of mice, which lack an OSVZ, causes reactive delamination of undifferentiated progenitors and invasion by these cells of basal areas outside the VZ. In this study, we sought to determine how VZ cells behave in non-rodent animals that have an OSVZ. A comparison of mid-embryonic mice and ferrets revealed: (1) the VZ is thicker and more pseudostratified in ferrets. (2) The soma and nuclei of VZ cells were horizontally and apicobasally denser in ferrets. (3) Individual endfeet were also denser on the apical (ventricular) surface in ferrets. (4) In ferrets, apicalward nucleokinesis was less directional, whereas basalward nucleokinesis was more directional; consequently, the nuclear density in the periventricular space (within 16 μm of the apical surface) was smaller in ferrets than in mice, despite the nuclear densification seen basally in ferrets. These results suggest that species-specific differences in nucleokinesis strategies may have evolved in close association with the magnitudes and patterns of nuclear stratification in the VZ.

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“…Nuclei of VZ progenitors are positioned at basal (abventricular) locations in the VZ during S phase, move towards the apical surface (the ventricle side) during G2 phase, undergo mitosis (M phase) at the apical (ventricular) surface and return towards basal positions in G1 phase; this oscillation process is called interkinetic nuclear migration (INM) 10,36,37 (FIG. 2a).…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Cortical Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth and folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex: from molecules to malformations

2014

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The size and extent of folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex are important factors that influence a species’ cognitive abilities and sensorimotor skills. Studies in various animal models and in humans have provided insight into the mechanisms that regulate cortical growth and folding. Both protein-coding genes and microRNAs control cortical size, and recent progress in characterizing basal progenitor cells and the genes that regulate their proliferation has contributed to our understanding of cortical folding. Neurological disorders linked to disruptions in cortical growth and folding have been associated with novel neurogenetic mechanisms and aberrant signalling pathways, and these findings have changed concepts of brain evolution and may lead to new medical treatments for certain disorders.

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Interkinetic Nuclear Movement in the Ventricular Zone of the Cortex

Cited by 32 publications

References 99 publications

Non-cell autonomous and non-catalytic activities of ATX in the developing brain

Non-cell autonomous and non-catalytic activities of ATX in the developing brain

Ferret–mouse differences in interkinetic nuclear migration and cellular densification in the neocortical ventricular zone

Growth and folding of the mammalian cerebral cortex: from molecules to malformations

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