Interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist as a biomarker of sepsis in neutropenic haematological patients

Abstract

In haematological patients, IL-1Ra has a comparable capacity with CRP and PCT to predict severe sepsis at the early stages of febrile neutropenia.

Dynamic changes of soluble ST2 levels predicted fatality and were involved in coagulopathy in dengue fever in the elderly

“…IL-1R and IL-1Ra (IL-1R antagonist) are important modulators of sepsis and sepsis-related immune dysfunction. IL-1Ra was also a good predictor of clinical outcomes in cases of febrile neutropenia because, like C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, it predicts severe sepsis in the early stages [33]. sST2, a derivative of IL-1R, might also be able to predict BSIs in elderly patients with DENV-infection.…”

Prognostic significance of PCT and CRP evaluation for adult ICU patients with sepsis and septic shock: retrospective analysis of 59 cases

“…Importantly, the inability to accurately diagnose according to exact biochemical indicators often leads to delay or failure to carry out the appropriate clinical treatment, and clinicians cannot assess changes in blood conditions with sufficient time to modify treatment. 3–5 Bacterial culture has high specificity, but requires an extended incubation period; this leads to treatment delay, as well as antibiotic misuse and abuse. Because patients with sepsis and septic shock often exhibit cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or endocrine diseases, the diagnostic process is highly complex and variable.…”

Assessment value of interleukin‐6, procalcitonin, and C‐reactive protein early kinetics for initial antibiotic efficacy in patients with febrile neutropenia: A prospective study

“…5,9 Under infection, interleukin 6 (IL-6) usually appears in plasma at 30 min to 2 h after stimulation, reaches its peak at 4-6 h, and has a half-life of about 4-6 h; Procalcitonin (PCT) usually appeared in plasma 2 to 3 h after stimulation, reached its peak at 12 to 24 h after infection, and its half-life was about 20 to 28 h; C-reactive protein (CRP), however, often appears in plasma at 6 to 8 h after stimulation, reaches its peak at 24 to 48 h, and has a half-life of 19 h. For decades, interleukin 6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been widely investigated to identify pathogenic bacteria, evaluate the severity of infection, and predict adverse outcomes in cancer patients. [10][11][12][13][14] However, the function of IL-6, PCT and CRP in predicting antibiotic efficacy is far from clear, especially in FN patients. 15 Herein, we conducted a prospective study to investigate whether IL-6, PCT, and CRP can be used to evaluate initial antibiotic efficacy of FN patients with hematological disorder through observing the early kinetic changes in these three biomarkers.…”

“…It has been realized that in the context of antibiotic treatment, observing the kinetic characteristics and dynamic changes in biomarkers during anti‐infection may explain the efficacy of antimicrobial therapy 5,9 . Under infection, interleukin 6 (IL‐6) usually appears in plasma at 30 min to 2 h after stimulation, reaches its peak at 4–6 h, and has a half‐life of about 4–6 h; Procalcitonin (PCT) usually appeared in plasma 2 to 3 h after stimulation, reached its peak at 12 to 24 h after infection, and its half‐life was about 20 to 28 h; C‐reactive protein (CRP), however, often appears in plasma at 6 to 8 h after stimulation, reaches its peak at 24 to 48 h, and has a half‐life of 19 h. For decades, interleukin 6 (IL‐6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C‐reactive protein (CRP) have been widely investigated to identify pathogenic bacteria, evaluate the severity of infection, and predict adverse outcomes in cancer patients 10–14 . However, the function of IL‐6, PCT and CRP in predicting antibiotic efficacy is far from clear, especially in FN patients 15 .…”