Interleukin 2‐independent stimulation of rabbit chondrocyte collagenase and prostaglandin E<sub>2</sub> production by an interleukin 1‐like factor

Evêquoz, V.; Bettens, Florence; Kristensen, F.; Trechsel, U.; Stadler, Beda M.; Dayer, Jean‐Michel; Weck, A.L. de; Fleisch, H.

doi:10.1002/eji.1830140603

Cited by 50 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The presence of IL-1 may not only induce elevated synthesis and release of destructive enzymes (13,17,18), but may also inhibit the ability of the cartilage cells to proliferate at the same rate as normal tissue. This may conceivably hinder tissue repair by reducing the total number of cells available for synthesizing extracellular matrix, which contributes further to the pathophysiology of RA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Collagen (8), glycosaminoglycan (9), and prostaglandin E, (PGE,) (10) syntheses are enhanced, and the secretion of collagenase (1 1) and plasminogen activator is triggered (11,12) by IL-1. Similarly, IL-1 modulates cartilage and bone cells by the enhanced production of PGE, (13,14) and the release of proteinases (6). The elevation of these catabolic enzymes probably results ultimately in the breakdown of bone (15,16) and cartilage (17,18).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, IL-1 modulates cartilage and bone cells by the enhanced production of PGE, (13,14) and the release of proteinases (6). The elevation of these catabolic enzymes probably results ultimately in the breakdown of bone (15,16) and cartilage (17,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rabbit articular cartilage was dissected from the knee joints of 12-week-old animals. Chondrocytes were isolated by sequential enzyme digestion, as described by Evequoz et a1 (13). Briefly, the cartilage slices were digested, first with trypsin, then with hyaluronidase, and finally with collagenase for -15 hours at 37°C.…”

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Effects of recombinant human interleukin‐1β on rabbit articular chondrocytes

Chin

Lin

1988

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Using an in vitro model, we characterized the production of prostaglandin E,, 6-keto-prostaglandin F,, , and thromboxane B, by normal rabbit articular chondrocytes stimulated by interleukin-lp. The prostanoids were produced in a dose-and time-dependent manner, which was sensitive to actinomycin D and cycloheximide. Interleukin-1 also had a pronounced, but reversible, cytostatic effect on chondrocytes, which was not attributable to prostanoid or polyamine synthesis.Interleukin-1 (IL-l), a soluble mediator first found to be released by monocytes and macrophages, plays a critical role in immune regulation (1-3). IL-1 is also well established as a mediator of inflammation and has been identified in synovial fluids of patients with inflammatory diseases (43). There is an emerging body of evidence suggesting that IL-1 may therefore play a role in the etiology of the rheumatoid process in joints.The pathophysiologic manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized both as a proliferative disease of the synovial tissue and as the degradation of cartilage and bone at the inflamed joint (6). The potential relationship between IL-I and RA is further supported by the observation that synovial fibroblasts are induced to proliferate by IL-1 (7). Collagen (8), glycosaminoglycan (9), and prostaglandin E, (PGE,) (10) syntheses are enhanced, and the secretion of collagenase (1 1) and plasminogen activator is triggered (11,12) by IL-1. Similarly, IL-1 modulates cartilage and bone cells by the enhanced production of PGE, (13,14) and the release of proteinases (6). The elevation of these catabolic enzymes probably results ultimately in the breakdown of bone (15,16) and cartilage (17,18).In our effort to better define the response of articular chondrocytes to IL-1 in an in vitro model, we investigated two aspects of chondrocyte response to IL-1. First, the relative amounts of the cyclooxygenase products released, PGE,, 6-keto-prostaglandin F,, (6-keto-PGF, J , and thromboxane B, (TXB,), were studied. The effects of protein and RNA inhibitors on prostanoid release were also examined. Although the release of PGE, by chondrocytes in response to stirnulated mononuclear cell products or recombinant IL-I has been reported, the synthesis of other prostanoids has not been clearly defined. Second, we demonstrated the ability of IL-1 to influence the rate of chondrocyte growth in a reversible negative manner that is independent of prostanoid or polyamine synthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODSMaterials. Radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits for PGE,, 6-keto-PGF,,, TXB,, (methyL3H)thymidine, 3H-leucine, and Biofluor were purchased from New England Nuclear (Boston, MA). The cross-reactivities among the 3 prostanoids examined, using the RIA kits, were 51.4% at the 50%-bound point, as determined by the manufacturer. Tissue culture plastics were from Costar (Cambridge, MA). Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) was pre-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Effects of recombinant human interleukin‐1β on rabbit articular chondrocytes

Chin

Lin

1988

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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“…The LAF assay and the stimulation of chondrocyte collagenase synthesis are the bioassays normally used to detect ILI. The LAF assay will also detect IL2 (Gery et al, 1972), but the stimulation of chondrocyte collagenase synthesis is independent of IL2 (Evequoz et al, 1984), thus indicating ILI activity in the cell culture media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macromolecular osteolytic factor synthesised by squamous carcinoma cell lines from the head and neck in vitro is interleukin 1

Meghji

Sandy²,

Scutt³

et al. 1988

Br J Cancer

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Summary Three human cell lines derived from oro-pharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas of the head were investigated for bone-resorbing activity in vitro. Culture media from all three spontaneously produced a non-dialysable osteolytic factor with activity in three in vitro assays for interleukin 1 (ILl), viz. the lymphocyte activating factor (LAF) assay, stimulation of collagenase synthesis by articular chondrocytes, and stimulation of prostaglandin E2 synthesis by fibroblasts. Addition of anti-human ILl antibody to the culture media abolished all the bone-resorbing activity. Fractionation of the cell culture media by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed a single peak of activity in the chondrocyte assay with an apparent mol.wt of 15-17,000. This co-eluted with activity in a preparation of ILl from rat peritoneal macrophage cultures. These results indicate that ILI is responsible for the prostaglandinindependent bone resorbing activity synthesised by these cells in vitro, and may contribute to the bone destruction associated with the tumour.Bone resorption is a common feature of malignancy and can occur as a consequence of malignant cell growth in or adjacent to bone, or at sites distant from the malignant cells.The localised bone destruction frequently accompanying squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck appears to be a two-stage process: the first phase characterised by osteoclastic resorption -presumably stimulated by tumour cell products, and a second phase of resorption by tumour cells themselves (Carter, 1985).Since the demonstration of soluble bone resorbing activity produced by mouse fibrosarcoma in vitro (Goldhaber, 1960), tissue culture has been an important tool for investigating the mechanisms of tumour-induced bone resorption. Prostaglandins (PG), notably PGE2, have been considered prime candidates as local mediators of osteolysis since they are potent stimulators of oesteoclastic bone resorption (Klein & Raisz, 1970) and are synthesised in increased amounts by several tumours in animals, including fibrosarcoma in mice (Tashjian et al., 1972) the VX2 carcinoma in rabbits (Voelkel et al., 1975), and in man, including carcinoma of the breast (Bennett et al., 1975);Dowsett et al., 1976), and squamous carcinomas of the head and neck (Tsao et al., 1981). PGs, however, are only one class of bone resorbing factor which may contribute to tumour osteolysis. Tsao et al. (1981Tsao et al. ( , 1983 showed that the bone resorption induced in culture by explants of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck was only partially inhibited by indomethacin. Indeed, carcinoma cell lines cultured from these tumours produced bone resorbing activity in the culture supernatants, but no detectable PGs. This indicated that the PGs synthesised by tumour explants may have originated from other cell types in the tumour, such as stromal fibroblasts.Another group of arachidonic acid metabolites, the lipoxygenase products, have also been shown to possess bone resorbing activity (Meghji et al., 1987). Porteder e...

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Effect of synthetic calcium pyrophosphate and hydroxyapatite crystals on the interaction of human blood mononuclear cells with chondrocytes, synovial cells, and fibroblasts

Dayer

Evêquoz

Zavadil-Grob

et al. 1987

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Synthetic calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals and, to a lesser extent, synthetic hydroxyapatite crystals increased the amount of interleukin-l/mononuclear cell factor released by human blood monocytes, as measured by collagenase and prostaglandin Ez production by rabbit chondrocytes, human dermal fibroblasts, and adherent rheumatoid synovial cells. The same crystals also directly induced collagenase and prostaglandin Ez secretion by rabbit chondrocytes, and potentiated the action of interleukin-llmononuclear cell factor on chondrocytes. These mechanisms may be important in the pathogenesis of the destructive arthropathies associated with these crystals.The processes that lead to irreversible articular cartilage destruction in inflammatory and degenerative

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Interleukin 2‐independent stimulation of rabbit chondrocyte collagenase and prostaglandin E₂ production by an interleukin 1‐like factor

Cited by 50 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of recombinant human interleukin‐1β on rabbit articular chondrocytes

Effects of recombinant human interleukin‐1β on rabbit articular chondrocytes

Macromolecular osteolytic factor synthesised by squamous carcinoma cell lines from the head and neck in vitro is interleukin 1

Effect of synthetic calcium pyrophosphate and hydroxyapatite crystals on the interaction of human blood mononuclear cells with chondrocytes, synovial cells, and fibroblasts

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Interleukin 2‐independent stimulation of rabbit chondrocyte collagenase and prostaglandin E2 production by an interleukin 1‐like factor

Cited by 50 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of recombinant human interleukin‐1β on rabbit articular chondrocytes

Effects of recombinant human interleukin‐1β on rabbit articular chondrocytes

Macromolecular osteolytic factor synthesised by squamous carcinoma cell lines from the head and neck in vitro is interleukin 1

Effect of synthetic calcium pyrophosphate and hydroxyapatite crystals on the interaction of human blood mononuclear cells with chondrocytes, synovial cells, and fibroblasts

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Interleukin 2‐independent stimulation of rabbit chondrocyte collagenase and prostaglandin E₂ production by an interleukin 1‐like factor