Interleukin-6 and selected plasma proteins in healthy persons of different ages

Häger, Klaus; Machein, U.; Krieger, Stefan H.; Platt, D.; Seefried, G.; Bauer, Joachim

doi:10.1016/0197-4580(94)90066-3

Cited by 162 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…A significant correlation has also been reported between serum IL-6 and CRP bioactivity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (25). In the current study, the mean value of IL-6 was not significantly related to CRP values, in agreement with a report by Hager et al (23).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The relation between serum cytokine levels and common laboratory tests in healthy Japanese males

Tsunoda

Guevarra³

et al. 2003

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objectives: Cytokines are critical regulatory molecules that circulate in blood at measurable levels. However, the epidemiology of serum cytokine levels in healthy populations is still limited, particularly for Japanese populations. The objective of this study was to examine the relation between serum cytokine levels and common laboratory tests in a healthy Japanese population.Methods: We studied serum levels of six cytokines (interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)) in a healthy Japanese population using a sensitive chemiluminescence ELISA (CL-ELISA). We examined the relations between serum cytokine levels and common laboratory tests using multiple regression analysis. We were particularly interested in potential relations between serum cytokine levels and C-reactive protein (CRP) in light of its relation to the risk of cardiovascular events. We also investigated the relation between cytokine levels, alcohol consumption and smoking.Results: After adjusting for the influence of other cytokines and laboratory tests, the serum level of IL-4 was associated with IL-5 and GM-CSF. In addition to IL-4, IL-5 was also associated with IL-10 and IFN-γ. IL-6 was associated with IL-10 and IFN-γ, and IL-10 and IFN-γ were associated with GM-CSF. CRP was significantly negatively associated with serum IL-4 level. IL-6 was weakly correlated with alcohol consumption level in this population. IL-5 among smokers tended to be lower than that among nonsmokers.Conclusions: Close relations among serum cytokine levels were observed in a healthy population. It is interesting that the level of IL-4, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was inversely related to CRP level, suggested to be a marker of inflammation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

The relation between serum cytokine levels and common laboratory tests in healthy Japanese males

Tsunoda

Guevarra³

et al. 2003

Environ Health Prev Med

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“…It was somewhat unexpected that the impact of age on CRP was minor in our elderly cohorts, because interleukin-6, which stimulates CRP production in the liver, has been reported to increase with age. 19 Because CRP has prognostic value, it can be used as an indicator of cardiovascular risk, 20 keeping in mind that this effect seems to vanish in individuals aged 75 to 80 years. Finally, there is emerging evidence that part of the clinical effect of aspirin 3 and statins [21][22][23] may be due to anti-inflammatory properties.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Mortality in a Prospective Study in the Elderly

Strandberg

Tilvis

2000

ATVB

207

127

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Abstract-Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) reflects inflammation and predicts cardiovascular disease in middle-aged individuals. We investigated CRP, risk factors, and 10-year mortality in 3 elderly cohorts (aged 75, 80, and 85 years; nϭ455) of the population-based Helsinki Ageing Study. Clinical and laboratory examinations were performed at baseline, and in 1998, CRP was measured by a sensitive method (sensitivity 0.3 mg/L) from frozen serum samples. Mortality data were retrieved from national registers. Serum CRP ranged from 0.18 to 170.0 mg/L (interquartile range 0.68 to 4.10 mg/L, median 1.60 mg/L). CRP correlated significantly with body mass index and plasma insulin and was associated with smoking at baseline. An inverse correlation was found with albumin and total and HDL cholesterol. CRP was not associated with diabetes or cardiovascular disease but was significantly (Pϭ0.015) higher in persons with (nϭ70) than without (nϭ385) dementia. During the 10-year follow-up, 61% (nϭ278) of the cohort died; half of the deaths were due to cardiovascular diseases. Mean CRP in survivors and nonsurvivors was 3.16 and 5.22 mg/L (Pϭ0.017), respectively. After controlling for age and sex, baseline CRP (per 10 mg/L) significantly predicted the 10-year total mortality (risk ratio 1.20, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.32) and cardiovascular mortality (risk ratio 1.22, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.35). Predictive value was found in the 75-year-old cohort, but it was clearly attenuated in the 80-and 85-year-old cohorts. The results indicate that CRP is associated with several cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly. CRP alone predicts overall and cardiovascular mortality, but the prediction was significant in only the 75-year-old cohort. Key Words: C-reactive protein Ⅲ mortality Ⅲ elderly C ardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main causes of mortality in elderly populations. The basic process of most CVD, atherosclerosis, is now considered to be partly an inflammatory disorder, 1 and this may be 1 of several possible explanations for the findings that even slightly elevated concentrations of an acute-phase reactant, C-reactive protein (CRP), have predicted coronary events in middle-aged men and women in several studies. 2-6 CRP has also been associated with CVD events 7 and mortality 8 in healthy individuals aged Ն65 years. However, there are scant data about the epidemiology and predictive value of CRP, specifically in the elderly (aged Ͼ75 years), at the population level. Therefore, we measured baseline CRP in population-based cohorts aged 75, 80, and 85 years and related it to total and CVD mortality during a 10-year follow-up. Methods

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“…There is strong evidence that IL-6 serum concentration increases with age (43,63,85,96,129,132,161,212,384), and in 1993, William Ershler, in his article "IL-6: A Cytokine for Gerontologists," indicated IL-6 as one of the main signaling pathways implicated in aging and chronic morbidity (84).…”

Section: Interleukin-6:a Marker or A Cause Of Disease?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6

Pedersen¹,

Febbraio²

2008

Physiological Reviews

1,831

1,646

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Skeletal muscle has recently been identified as an endocrine organ. It has, therefore, been suggested that cytokines and other peptides that are produced, expressed, and released by muscle fibers and exert paracrine, autocrine, or endocrine effects should be classified as “myokines.” Recent research demonstrates that skeletal muscles can produce and express cytokines belonging to distinctly different families. However, the first identified and most studied myokine is the gp130 receptor cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6). IL-6 was discovered as a myokine because of the observation that it increases up to 100-fold in the circulation during physical exercise. Identification of IL-6 production by skeletal muscle during physical activity generated renewed interest in the metabolic role of IL-6 because it created a paradox. On one hand, IL-6 is markedly produced and released in the postexercise period when insulin action is enhanced but, on the other hand, IL-6 has been associated with obesity and reduced insulin action. This review focuses on the myokine IL-6, its regulation by exercise, its signaling pathways in skeletal muscle, and its role in metabolism in both health and disease.

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Interleukin-6 and selected plasma proteins in healthy persons of different ages

Cited by 162 publications

References 6 publications

The relation between serum cytokine levels and common laboratory tests in healthy Japanese males

The relation between serum cytokine levels and common laboratory tests in healthy Japanese males

C-Reactive Protein, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Mortality in a Prospective Study in the Elderly

Muscle as an Endocrine Organ: Focus on Muscle-Derived Interleukin-6

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