2021
DOI: 10.3390/cells10081905
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Intermediate Filaments from Tissue Integrity to Single Molecule Mechanics

Abstract: Cytoplasmic intermediate filaments (IFs), which together with actin and microtubules form the cytoskeleton, are composed of a large and diverse family of proteins. Efforts to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for IF-associated diseases increasingly point towards a major contribution of IFs to the cell’s ability to adapt, resist and respond to mechanical challenges. From these observations, which echo the impressive resilience of IFs in vitro, we here discuss the role of IFs as master integrators o… Show more

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Cited by 34 publications
(33 citation statements)
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“…Migration in turn is reliant on the ability of cells to attach to ECM proteins and to navigate through pores in the ECM, which, depending on their size, may require cell deformation. The deformability of a cell and its ability to return to its original shape are affected by the viscoelastic properties of cells and their constituents ( Moeendarbary et al, 2013 ; van Bodegraven and Etienne-Manneville, 2021 ). VIFs exhibit distinct viscoelastic properties that are not typically exhibited by other filamentous biopolymers such as actin filaments ( Shah et al, 1998 ).…”
Section: Viscoelastic Properties Of Vimentin Enhance Cell Resistance ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Migration in turn is reliant on the ability of cells to attach to ECM proteins and to navigate through pores in the ECM, which, depending on their size, may require cell deformation. The deformability of a cell and its ability to return to its original shape are affected by the viscoelastic properties of cells and their constituents ( Moeendarbary et al, 2013 ; van Bodegraven and Etienne-Manneville, 2021 ). VIFs exhibit distinct viscoelastic properties that are not typically exhibited by other filamentous biopolymers such as actin filaments ( Shah et al, 1998 ).…”
Section: Viscoelastic Properties Of Vimentin Enhance Cell Resistance ...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cell-specific levels of vimentin expression, PTMs, and direct and indirect interactions with other cytoskeletal components, control the mechanical properties of cells during migration and ECM remodeling. It appears that the extraordinarily broad array of PTMs of vimentin and its structure in response to extracellular and intracellular mechanical signals are crucial for cell and tissue integrity ( Costigliola et al, 2017 ; Messica et al, 2017 ; van Bodegraven and Etienne-Manneville, 2021 ). Expression of VIF may thus control the mechanical properties of the cells and modify their ability to remodel collagen by its incorporation as an adaptor protein in the β1 integrin adhesive machinery ( Terriac et al, 2017 ; Ostrowska-Podhorodecka et al, 2021 ).…”
Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectives: A Role For Vimentin As A...mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cell stress signaling is a central function of the ER in the regulation of cellular metabolism in homeostatic and disease states ( 24 ). Likewise, intermediate filaments provide cells and tissues with resistance to mechanical and chemical stresses, particularly in the heart, skin, and liver ( 20, 25, 26 ). Interestingly, ER stress has been implicated in epidermal fragility disorders caused by keratin or desmosome dysfunction ( 27 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The cytoskeleton is a complex intermingled meshwork of three major classes of filamentous macromolecules: MFs, MTs and IFs. These three cytoskeletal macromolecules mainly differ in their mechanical stiffness, the dynamics of their assembly, their polarity, and the type of associated molecular motors [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”
Section: Cell-intrinsic Mechanisms Of Cell Shape Controlmentioning
confidence: 99%