The
preparation of a series of alkali-metal inclusion complexes
of the molecular cube [{Co
III
(Me
3
-tacn)}
4
{Fe
II
(CN)
6
}
4
]
4–
(Me
3
-tacn = 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane),
a mixed-valent Prussian Blue analogue bearing bridging cyanido ligands,
has been achieved by following a redox-triggered self-assembly process.
The molecular cubes are extremely robust and soluble in aqueous media
ranging from 5 M [H
+
] to 2 M [OH
–
]. All
the complexes have been characterized by the standard mass spectometry,
UV–vis, inductively coupled plasma, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy,
and electrochemistry. Furthermore, X-ray diffraction analysis of the
sodium and lithium salts has also been achieved, and the inclusion
of moieties of the form {M–OH
2
}
+
(M =
Li, Na) is confirmed. These inclusion complexes in aqueous solution
are rather inert to cation exchange and are characterized by a significant
decrease in acidity of the confined water molecule due to hydrogen
bonding inside the cubic cage. Exchange of the encapsulated cationic
{M–OH
2
}
+
or M
+
units by other
alkali metals has also been studied from a kineticomechanistic perspective
at different concentrations, temperatures, ionic strengths, and pressures.
In all cases, the thermal and pressure activation parameters obtained
agree with a process that is dominated by differences in hydration
of the cations entering and exiting the cage, although the size of
the portal enabling the exchange also plays a determinant role, thus
not allowing the large Cs
+
cation to enter. All the exchange
substitutions studied follow a thermodynamic sequence that relates
with the size and polarizing capability of the different alkali cations;
even so, the process can be reversed, allowing the entry of {Li–OH
2
}
+
units upon adsorption of the cube on an anion
exchange resin and subsequent washing with a Li
+
solution.