“…Nevertheless, the discussion on external knowledge complementarities and firm-level innovation can be summarized in the hypothesis that the deployment of external knowledge should be positively associated with innovation performance (Nooteboom et al, 2007). This hypothesis is supported in different strands of the literature, including marketing (Gemünden et al, 1996), innovation systems (Edquist, 1997;Freeman, 1995;Lundvall, 1992), business management (Jaruzelski and Dehoff, 2007) and several areas of economics and policy research (de Man and Duysters, 2005;Dodgson, 1993;Drejer and Holst Jørgensen, 2005;Frenz and Letto-Gillies, 2009;Hagedoorn, 2002;Håkansson, 1989;Hoppe and Ozdenoren, 2005;Mention, 2011;Panda and Ramanathan, 1996 Mention (2011) and Tether (2002) suggest that cooperation with universities and research organizations has a positive influence on more radical forms of innovation, other studies, such as that by Frenz and Letto-Gillies (2009), suggest that cooperation is much less useful than in-house efforts.…”