Intermetallics: Why is it so difficult to introduce them in gas turbine engines?

Lasalmonie, A.

doi:10.1016/j.intermet.2006.01.064

Cited by 342 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Titanium and nickel based aluminides were the systems which received the maximum attention. Excellent reviews are available on the subject of development of titanium based intermetallics for aero-engine applications (Gogia, 2005;Kumphert et al, 1998;Lasalmanie, 2006;Leyans & Peters, 2003) The titanium aluminum system offers two possibilities -the Ti 3 Al ( 2 ) based intermetallics and the  TiAl based alloys. In the 1970's the research was centered mainly around the  2 alloys.…”

Section: Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stronger third generation  T i A l a l l o y s h a v e b e e n d e v e l o p e d b y G K S S w i t h a w i d e r temperature range of interest -room temperature to 850 o C, making them candidate materials also for LP compressor components (Lasalmanie, 2006). The most recent alloy family within the titanium aluminides is represented by the orthorhombic titanium based intermetallics based on Ti 2 AlNb.…”

Section: Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Materials for Gas Turbines – An Overview

Muktinutalapati¹

2011

Advances in Gas Turbine Technology

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Section: Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intermetallicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials for Gas Turbines – An Overview

Muktinutalapati¹

2011

Advances in Gas Turbine Technology

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“…Application range of TiAl phase is 750°C in air and approx. 900°C in inert atmosphere or vacuum [1]. It shows that the temperature range of application of all Ti-Al phases is strongly limited by their high-temperature oxidation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The application limits of Ti 3 Al phase are 760°C in inert atmosphere (creep limit) and approx. 600°C in air (oxidation limit) [1]. Application range of TiAl phase is 750°C in air and approx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECT OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS ON PROPERTIES OF PM Ti-Al-Si ALLOYS

Novák¹,

Kříž²,

Michalcová³

et al. 2013

Acta Metall Slovaca

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This work was devoted to the description of the effect of alloying by transition metals (Cr, Cu, Fe) on the structure and properties of TiAl15Si15 alloy. Alloying elements does not form separate phases, being dissolved in titanium silicide or aluminide. Cu was found predominantly in aluminide phase, while iron was found to bethe silicide-former. Chromium dissolved in both aluminide and silicide in almost comparable amounts. All applied alloying elements increased the wear resistance, but reduced the room-temperature compression strength. The addition of iron and chromium strongly increase the thermal stability at 1000°C by stabilizing the silicide phase.Keywords: reactive sintering; mechanical properties testing; intermetallic compounds; oxidation 1 Introduction Alloys based on titanium aluminides (Ti 3 Al and TiAl) are modern materials for hightemperature applications. Due to low density, good mechanical properties and oxidation resistance at high temperatures, these alloys already found its application in the aerospace industry. The application limits of Ti 3 Al phase are 760°C in inert atmosphere (creep limit) and approx. 600°C in air (oxidation limit) [1]. Application range of TiAl phase is 750°C in air and approx. 900°C in inert atmosphere or vacuum [1]. It shows that the temperature range of application of all Ti-Al phases is strongly limited by their high-temperature oxidation. To improve the high-temperature oxidation behaviour of these materials, additions of various alloying elements are applied. Previously, it was reported that niobium and tantalum increase the high-temperature oxidation resistance [2] and creep behaviour [3] of Ti-Al alloys. It led to the development of new generation of Ti-Al alloys [4]. However these heavy and expensive elements undesirably increase the density and cost. Other possibility how to improve hightemperature behaviour is alloying with silicon. When Ti-Al-Si alloys are produced by conventional melting metallurgy techniques, coarse sharp-edged particles of Ti 5 Si 3 silicide are formed, having negative impact on mechanical properties such as ductility or fracture toughness. Simple production route leading to the fine structure is a reactive sintering powder metallurgy. In our previous works [5], [6], production route for Ti-Al-Si alloys with aluminium content between 8 and 20 wt. % and silicon in the range of 10-20 wt. % was developed and roomtemperature properties were described [5]. There are many papers dealing with the influence of various alloying elements on the structure and selected properties of Ti-Al and Ti-Si binary alloys. In addition to the effect of Nb and Ta,

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“…It has been established that those alloys with a fine fully lamellar (FL) microstructure possess good balanced mechanical properties 7,8 . Actually, the mechanical behavior of these alloys strongly depends on their crystallographic texture and microstructure, evolve during the fabrication processes 9 . The TiAl alloys can be fabricated by traditional casting and ingot metallurgy, but the process may cause of coarse-grained lamellar, a sharp casting texture, and chemical inhomogeneity in the microstructure 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties in a full lamellar PM TiAl alloy

Lang

Zheng

et al. 2012

Mat. Res.

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The effect of heat treatment on the microstructures and tensile properties of a powder metallurgical (PM) TiAl based alloy has been investigated in this paper. The near gamma (NG) microstructure is transformed to a full lamellar (FL) microstructure with an average grain size of 100 µm by heat treatments. The lamellar spacing of FL structure decreases with the increase of cooling rate. For cooling rates of 5, 10 and 50 °C/min, the lamellar spacing is 1.9, 1.0 and 0.8 µm respectively. The room temperature tensile properties exhibit an increasing trend with decrease of lamellar spacing.

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Intermetallics: Why is it so difficult to introduce them in gas turbine engines?

Cited by 342 publications

References 6 publications

Materials for Gas Turbines – An Overview

Materials for Gas Turbines – An Overview

EFFECT OF ALLOYING ELEMENTS ON PROPERTIES OF PM Ti-Al-Si ALLOYS

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties in a full lamellar PM TiAl alloy

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