Intermittent Feeding Schedules—Behavioural Consequences and Potential Clinical Significance

Murphy, Michelle; Mercer, Julian G.

doi:10.3390/nu6030985

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 88 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…Our results show that animals maintained on a TR feeding regimen had lower body weights compared to the AL feeding group, which supports the previous findings [29][30][31] . This effect was observed in all groups of animals, particularly in those which were maintained on a HFD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Other studies on WT mice maintained on a HFD using a TR feeding regimen have shown that the animals consumed the same amount of calories as the AL feeding group, protecting them from weight gain and obesity. In addition, the frequency of feeding episodes, rather than the meal size or total energy intake, contribute to weight gain and development of obesity [29][30][31] . It is important to note, that the different consistency and therefore different µm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of feeding behavior and metabolism by dynorphin

Ghule

Rácz

Bilkei-Gorzó

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The neuronal regulation of metabolic and behavioral responses to different diets and feeding regimens is an important research area. Herein, we investigated if the opioid peptide dynorphin modulates feeding behavior and metabolism. Mice lacking dynorphin peptides (KO) were exposed to either a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for a period of 12 weeks. Additionally, mice had either time-restricted (TR) or ad libitum (AL) access to food. Body weight, food intake and blood glucose levels were monitored throughout the 12-week feeding schedule. Brain samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry to detect changes in the expression levels of hypothalamic peptides. As expected, animals on HFD or having AL access to food gained more weight than mice on ND or having TR access. Unexpectedly, KO females on TR HFD as well as KO males on AL ND or AL HFD demonstrated a significantly increased body weight gain compared to the respective WT groups. The calorie intake differed only marginally between the genotypes: a significant difference was present in the female ND AL group, where dynorphin KO mice ate more than WT mice. Although female KO mice on a TR feeding regimen consumed a similar amount of food as WT controls, they displayed significantly higher levels of blood glucose. We observed significantly reduced levels of hypothalamic orexigenic peptides neuropeptide Y (NPY) and orexin-A in KO mice. This decrease became particularly pronounced in the HFD groups and under AL condition. The kappa opiod receptor (KOR) levels were higher after HFD compared to ND feeding in the ventral pallidum of WT mice. We hypothesize that HFD enhances dynorphin signaling in this hedonic center to maintain energy homeostasis, therefore KO mice have a more pronounced phenotype in the HFD condition due to the lack of it. Our data suggest that dynorphin modulates metabolic changes associated with TR feeding regimen and HFD consumption. We conclude that the lack of dynorphin causes uncoupling between energy intake and body weight gain in mice; KO mice maintained on HFD become overweight despite their normal food intake. Thus, using kappa opioid receptor agonists against obesity could be considered as a potential treatment strategy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of feeding behavior and metabolism by dynorphin

Ghule

Rácz

Bilkei-Gorzó

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The link between anxiety-like behavior and light chronodisruption discussed above has been somewhat explored in mammals and a few fish species, but there is a lack of knowledge about the effects of mistimed meals on anxiety-like behavior in vertebrates since these protocols often focus on the consequences on metabolism [76]. Here, we show that fish chronically fed on a random schedule showed a heightened anxiety-like behavior in the OF test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches

Saiz,

Herrera-Castillo,

de Pedro

et al. 2023

Animals

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Chronodisruption caused by factors such as light at night and mistimed meals has been linked to numerous physiological alterations in vertebrates and may be an anxiogenic factor affecting welfare. This study aims to investigate whether chronodisruption causes measurable changes in the anxiety responses of goldfish under two conditions: randomly scheduled feeding (RF) and continuous light (LL). Anxiety-like behavior was assessed in the open field with object approach and black/white preference tests, which had been validated using diazepam. An increased thigmotaxis response and decreased object exploration under both chronodisruption protocols indicated anxiety states. Furthermore, locomotor activity was increased in LL fish. The black/white preference test discriminated anxiolysis induced by diazepam but was unable to detect anxiety caused by chronodisruption. Plasma cortisol increased in both RF and LL fish throughout the experiment, confirming that both conditions caused stress. The LL fish also showed an apparently desensitized hypothalamus–pituitary–interrenal HPI axis, with a decrease in pomc and crf expression. Individual analysis found no correlation between anxiety-like behavior and stress axis activation nor between scototaxis and thigmotaxis responses. However, individual differences in sensitivity to each test were detected. Altogether, these results highlight circadian disruption as a stressor for fish and endorse a multiple variable approach for reliably assessing animal discomfort.

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“…It is well-known that irregular meals do great harm to health, since skipping meals was associated with lower dietary quality as well as reduced healthy food purchases ( 26 , 27 ) and thus led to obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and mental health problems ( 28 , 29 ). Interestingly, when irregularity is then subdivided, intermittent irregular eating habits may cause more physical and psychological disorders by influencing metabolic and anxiolytic properties with consequent effects on daily activity levels due to the unreliable prediction of food availability ( 30 ). A study on surgeons also confirmed this finding that intermittent eating irregularly can lead to hypoglycaemia, electrolyte imbalance, psychological stress, sleep deprivation, and fatigue ( 31 ), which are all precursors of musculoskeletal injuries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among takeaway riders: Up-to-date evidence in Shanghai, China

Chen

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common occupational diseases. However, the influencing mechanisms were not clear in the new emerging takeaway rider occupation in the catering industry in China.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a takeaway rider sample from one of the largest e-platforms, the Mei Tuan Company in Shanghai. The chi-square test was used to compare the sex differences in MSDs according to various factors. Binary logistic regressions were then performed to explore the potential risk factors for the occurrence and severity of MSDs adjusted by age, sex and vehicle type. Crude odds ratios (CORs) and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for predictors were reported.ResultsThe prevalence of MSDs was found to be 54.9% (n = 361). Shoulders (joint pain: 24.5%, n = 154/629 cases; muscle pain: 29.0%, n = 183/632 cases; muscle numbness: 31.7%, n = 120/379 cases) and neck (joint pain: 17.0%, n = 107/629 cases; muscle pain: 14.1%, n = 89/632 cases; muscle numbness: 15.3%, n = 58/379 cases) were the most affected regions. Irregular meals (often having regular meals: p = 0.03, AOR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.05–3.39; sometimes: p < 0.01, AOR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.49–4.34 and seldomly: p < 0.01, AOR = 4.24, 95% CI: 2.28–7.91) were positively associated with the occurrence of MSDs. Work-related factors, including working over 5 years (p = 0.02, AOR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.10–3.17) and over 51 km of food delivery distance per day (51–75 km: p = 0.02, AOR = 2.13, 95CI%:1.13–4.01; ≥76 km: p < 0.01, AOR = 3.12, 95CI%: 1.44–6.77), were strongly associated with severity.ConclusionMSDs were common among takeaway riders. Personal lifestyles (meal irregularity) were found to predict the occurrence, while work-related factors (longer years of employment and prolonged food delivery distance) were positively associated with severity. Public health efforts should be made to prevent MSDs in this population.

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Intermittent Feeding Schedules—Behavioural Consequences and Potential Clinical Significance

Cited by 6 publications

References 88 publications

Modulation of feeding behavior and metabolism by dynorphin

Modulation of feeding behavior and metabolism by dynorphin

Assessing Chronodisruption Distress in Goldfish: The Importance of Multimodal Approaches

Risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among takeaway riders: Up-to-date evidence in Shanghai, China

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