Internal parasites in roe deer of the Lubartów Forest Division in postmortem studies

Abstract

Inwazje pasożytnicze zwierząt wolno żyjących charakteryzują się specyficznymi uwarunkowaniami inwazjologicznymi. Wynikają one z naturalnych zależności występujących w określonej biocenozie. Stały kontakt zwierząt ze środowiskiem naturalnym, będącym rezerwuarem form inwazyjnych wielu pasożytów powoduje, że u żywicieli wolno żyjących często obserwuje się znacznie bogatszą faunę pasożytniczą niż u ich udomowionych krewnych. W przypadku braku ingerencji człowieka najważniejszym czynnikiem warunkującym występowanie i przebieg parazytoz tej grupy zwierząt staje się zależność środowiskowa. Z tego względu inwazje cechują się najczęściej wyjątkową różnorodnością i endemiczną specyficznością. Nie bez znaczenia są również pewne uwarunkowania lokalne. W kontekście Lubelszczyzny jest to niewielka liczebność zasobów leśnych okolic Lublina oraz brak bezpośredniej komunikacji z dużymi obszarami leśny-mi pozostałych części kraju. Czynniki te powodują, że wędrówki zwierząt są ograniczone, co wpływa na zachowawczy charakter wielu inwazji. Dodatkowym Tomczuk K., Szczepaniak K., Grzybek M., Studzińska M., Demkowska-Kutrzepa M., Roczeń-Karczmarz M., Łopuszyński W., Junkuszew A., Gruszecki T., Dudko P., Bojar W. Internal parasites in roe deer of the Lubartów Forest Division in postmortem studiesSummary The aim of the study was to analyze endoparasitic fauna in roe deer of a selected area of south-western Poland using coproscopic studies and postmortem studies of internal organs (lungs, livers and digestive tracts). Microscopic methods included flotation and the McMaster method. In May and June 2015, 53 culled male roe deer were examined. Parasites were found in 96.2% (n = 51, SD = 19.2) of the studied animals, but the invasion intensity was diversified. From 1 to 7 different taxa (families or genera) of parasites were found in each studied animal. Oocysts of Eimeria (3 species (E. capreoli, E. panda, E. rotunda) were found with the following invasion prevalence: 45.28%, low OPG level, in the range of 350-700. In three samples, the OPG amounted to 2800--4500. Cysts of Buxtonella sulcata 9.4% (CPG in the range of 300-100). Fasciola hepatica (prevalence 3.77%), intensity: 2-3 specimens, Dicrocoelium dendriticum (5.66%), intensity: 2-5 specimens. Moniezia expansa (7.54%), intensity: 3-8 tapeworms. Nematodes from the family Trichostrongylidae (58.49%, genera: Ostertagia, Spiculopteragia, Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus and Nematodiurus from the family Molineidae), low invasion intensity (8-55 nematodes), only in 7 deer intensities of 346-140 nematodes). Capillaria bovis (7.54%) intensity ranging from 2 to 14 nematodes. Oesophagostomum venulosum (15.09%) invasion intensity: 7-23 nematodes, Trichuris globulosa (9.43%), invasion intensity 2-4 nematodes. Dictyocaulus eckerti (11.32%), invasion intensity ranging from 6 to 34 nematodes. Setaria tundra (5.66%) invasion intensity ranging from 1 to 3 nematodes.

New findings of Setaria tundra and Setaria cervi in the red deer (Cervus elaphus) in Poland

“…In our study, the intensity of infection with S. tundra was similar to other studies and reached maximally two adult worms per one deer. In other studies from Poland, the intensity of S. tundra infection reached 1–3 adult worms per one roe deer, with prevalence of 5.6% ( n = 53) (Tomczuk et al ., 2017), while in another study the intensity of infection reached 1–11 adult worms per one roe deer with the prevalence of 9.43% ( n = 53) (Kowal et al ., 2013). There are no comprehensive studies on S. cervi in wild hosts to be compared.…”

“…Since 2010, S. tundra has also been reported in Poland (Bednarski et al ., 2010). Its main host is the roe deer (Kowal et al ., 2013; Demiaszkiewicz et al ., 2015; Tomczuk et al ., 2017) yet the moose can serve as an asymptomatic carrier (Demiaszkiewicz et al ., 2015). Moreover, microfilariae of S. tundra has been detected in Aedes vexans , Ochlerotatus caspius , Culex pipiens and Culex torretium mosquitoes in SW and Central Poland (Rydzanicz et al ., 2016; Masny et al ., 2013) as well as in Hungary (Kemenesi et al ., 2015; Zittra et al ., 2015) and Germany (Czajka et al ., 2012; Kronefeld et al ., 2014).…”

Dirofilaria sp. and Blood Meal Analysis in Mosquitoes Collected in Vojvodina and Mačva, and the First Report of Setaria tundra (Issaitshikoff & Rajewskaya, 1928) in Serbia

“…This species of nematode has expanded its geographical range by hundreds of kilometers and is known to be a major cause of mass mortality in wild and semi-domesticated reindeer in Fennoscandia, Finland [80,81]. In northern Europe, the reindeer tarandus) is the major definitive host, yet the moose can serve as an asymptomatic carrier [65,82,83], while roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) serve as the definitive hosts in central and southern Europe [23,81,84]. In the review by Olos et al [67], it is stated that domestic species such as sheep, goats, cattle, and horses are also potentially at risk [85][86][87][88].…”

<em>Dirofilaria</em> sp. and Blood Meal Analysis in Mosquitoes Collected in Vojvodina and Mačva, and the First Report of<em> Setaria tundra</em> (Issaitshikoff &Amp; Rajewskaya, 1928) in Serbia

“…This species of nematode has expanded its geographical range by hundreds of kilometers and is known to be a major cause of mass mortality of wild and semi domesticated reindeer in Fennoscandia, Finland [75,76]. In northern Europe, the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) is the major definitive host, yet the moose can serve as an asymptomatic carrier [56,77,78], while roe deer and red deer (Cervus elaphus) serve as the definitive hosts in central and southern Europe [74,76,79]. In the review of Olos et al [58] it was stated that domestic species such as sheep, goats, cattle, and horses are also potentially at risk [80][81][82][83].…”