Internal Standard-based Analytical Method for Tobacco Smoke Vapor Phase Components

Abstract

We developed an internal standard-based method to analyze the vapor phase components of mainstream smoke. This method collects vapor phase components from sample cigarettes, which are smoked by a linear automatic smoking machine in a sampling bag. An internal standard gas was introduced to the bag. A 6-port valve with a 2-ml sampling loop was placed between the vapor phase smoke outlet of the smoking machine and the bag to regulate the volume of the internal standard. The mixed gas sample was then introduced, by an automatic injection device developed in-house, to a gas chromatograph (GC) for ten successive analyses. The sample in the bag was analyzed every two hours to assess the time serial changes of vapor phase smoke components as well as of the internal standard. After 18 hours, in the tenth analysis, the amounts of 37 vapor phase components decreased by less than 5 % from those in the first analysis. The repeatability of the sample analysis was assessed and 45 vapor phase components had coefficients of variation of less than 5 %. The overall reproducibility of this method including tobacco samples and instruments was also assessed using five other sampling bags and achieved coefficients of variation of less than 6 % for 42 vapor phase components. The advantages of this method include capability to handle 10 tobacco samples in a serial manner, capability to collect both the vapor phase and semivolatile components, and precise, easy and continuous component analyses. We also present the results of multivariate analyses for the vapor phase and semivolatile components from 59 sample cigarettes.

Quantification of Selected Vapour-Phase Compounds using Thermal Desorption-Gas Chromatography

“…Transfer lines are also required to be kept as short as possible. A gas-sampling valve can be used to obtain an aliquot from the collection bag that will be relatively homogeneous (15). To minimise the ageing of the VP it is imperative that the bag is sampled as soon as possible, hence analysis must occur immediately on completion of the smoking run.…”

“…The objective was to develop and validate a robust method for the analysis of selected VP compounds, with a good sample turnaround time and minimal requirements on resources (personnel and instrumentation). Methods for the quantification of volatile compounds in MSS can be divided into four categories depending on their trapping approach: direct injection (5-8), cryogenic trapping (9-12), adsorbent trapping (13,14) and sample bag (15,16). Of these methodologies, adsorbent trapping was chosen as it produces a homogenous sample, requires no modification to the smoking machine and permits analysis "off-line" due to the stability of the adsorbed sample.…”

Analysis of Cigarette Smoke by Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

“…Approaches such as adsorbent materials (Higgins, Griest, and Olerich 1983;Takanami et al 2003), sampling bags (Polzin et al 2007;Omori et al 1999), and direct injection of the gas sample (Brunnemann et al 1990;Dong, Glass, and Moldoveanu 2000) for vapor phase collection have been employed by previous researchers. However, their utility is usually limited by low recovery and reproducibility, tedious sample preparation, and losses.…”

Analysis of Acrylonitrile and alpha-Methacrylonitrile in Vapor Phase of Mainstream Cigarette Smoke Using a Charcoal Trap for Collection

“…Analysis of VP of cigarette smoke is an important subject since a number of toxicants such as HCN, acetaldehyde, ethylene oxide, and acrylonitrile are VP constituents. Most techniques for the analysis of VP of cigarette smoke depend on the collection in impingers with a solvent (typically also cooled; 1-5) or in a Tedlar gas bag (6,7). Other analytical techniques for VP analysis involve cryogenic trapping (with no solvent), trapping on Tenax ® (8), direct transfer of VP smoke to an analytical instrument (9-12) or even solid phase microextraction (13).…”