Internal stress distribution for generating closure domains in laser-irradiated Fe–3%Si(110) steels

Abstract

Internal stress distribution for generating closure domains occurring in laser-irradiated Fe–3%Si(110) steels was investigated using high-energy X-ray analysis and domain theory based on the variational principle. The measured triaxial stresses inside the specimen were compressive and the stress in the rolling direction became more dominant than stresses in the other directions. The calculations based on the variational principle of magnetic energy for closure domains showed that the measured triaxial stresses made the closure domains more stable than the basic domain without closure domains. The experimental and calculation results reveal that the laser-introduced internal stresses result in the occurrence of the closure domains.

The influence of laser scribing on magnetic domain formation in grain oriented electrical steel visualized by directional neutron dark-field imaging

“…It is known that the laser irradiation induces residual stress that refines the domain structure, which influences the global magnetic properties3456. Nevertheless, the fundamental influence to the bulk domain behavior is still not fully understood due to the lack of observation techniques.…”

Influence of magnetic domain wall orientation on Barkhausen noise and magneto-mechanical behavior in electrical steel

“…Here, the [0 0 1] direction coincides with the rolling direction. The small and inhomogeneous residual compressive stresses, generated from the manufacturing, cutting and coating process [1,4,19,37,38], and possibly by the polishing process, induce complicated surface domain patterns. Some surface DWs are oriented transversely to the rolling direction, which can be seen in the left inset of domain image in figure 2.…”

“…Measurements of electromagnetic properties, both on macroscopic and microscopic levels, are critical for physical material characterization and evaluation, as well as for scientific and industrial applications. As the material is subjected to mechanical stresses from manufacturing processes or previous loading [1][2][3][4][5], the stress-induced magnetic properties changes associated with the manufacturing processes can be detrimental to their magnetic performance. In particular, the magneto-mechanical behavior is subject to intensive scientific research [6][7][8].…”

“…Perevertov and Schäfer [17,20] investigated the magnetic domain changes of grain oriented electrical steel under compressive and tensile stress by using magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy (MOKE). In [1,5,21], the researchers investigated the effect of different manufacturing processes, e.g. laser-irradiation [1], rubbing [21], and punching [5], on the occuring magnetic domain pattern and wall movement.…”

“…In [1,5,21], the researchers investigated the effect of different manufacturing processes, e.g. laser-irradiation [1], rubbing [21], and punching [5], on the occuring magnetic domain pattern and wall movement. The above references are limited to static magnetic domain analysis, which gives little information about the domain dynamics with AC excitation.…”