Internally regulated eating style: a comprehensive theoretical framework

Palascha, Aikaterini; Kleef, Ellen van; Vet, Emely de; Trijp, J.C.M. van

doi:10.1017/s0007114520003840

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…IRE has been addressed from various specific theoretical perspectives including, but not limited to, those of intuitive eating [7], eating competence [8], and mindful eating [9]. Palascha et al [10] recently reviewed these various conceptualizations of IRE to conclude that none of them captures IRE style (i.e., the general inclination towards eating in response to internal/physiological signals of hunger and satiation) comprehensively. The authors conceptualized an integrated model with the key dimensions of IRE style and the relationships between them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the next section, we present briefly the conceptual model of the key characteristics of the IRE style, followed by a description of the operationalization of constructs into subscales. For a more complete overview of the conceptual model, including evidence on why each characteristic of IRE style is considered adaptive, see Palascha et al [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development and validation of the Multidimensional Internally Regulated Eating Scale (MIRES)

et al. 2020

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In this paper, we describe the systematic development and validation of the Multidimensional Internally Regulated Eating Scale (MIRES), a new self-report instrument that quantifies the individual-difference characteristics that together shape the inclination towards eating in response to internal bodily sensations of hunger and satiation (i.e., internally regulated eating style). MIRES is a 21-item scale consisting of seven subscales, which have high internal consistency and adequate to high two-week temporal stability. The MIRES model, as tested in community samples from the UK and US, had a very good fit to the data both at the level of individual subscales, but also as a higher-order formative model. High and significant correlations with measures of intuitive eating and eating competence lent support to the convergent validity of MIRES, while its incremental validity in relation to these measures was also upheld. MIRES as a formative construct, as well as all individual subscales, correlated negatively with eating disorder symptomatology and weight-related measures (e.g., BMI, weight cycling) and positively with adaptive behavioral and psychological outcomes (e.g., proactive coping, body appreciation, life satisfaction), supporting the criterion validity of the scale. This endeavor has resulted in a reliable and valid instrument to be used for the thorough assessment of the features that synthesize the profile of those who tend to regulate their eating internally.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of the Multidimensional Internally Regulated Eating Scale (MIRES)

et al. 2020

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“…Imposing overly restrictive and controlling rules can have an opposite effect by making unhealthy foods look like a “forbidden fruit” and, in this way, increases desire and intake. The literature on intuitive and internally regulated eating shows that a relaxed relationship with indulgent foods is positively associated with food intake regulation and weight maintenance [ 99 ]. In facing the external world, preadolescents are learning to make their own decisions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dutch Preadolescents’ Food Consumption at School: Influence of Autonomy, Competence and Parenting Practices

2021

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Eating habits appear to become less healthy once children move into adolescence. Adolescence is characterized by increasing independence and autonomy. Still, parents continue influencing adolescents’ eating habits. This cross-sectional study used a Self-Determination Theory perspective to examine how parents can support preadolescents’ food-related autonomy and competence and how these factors are associated with healthy eating motivation and food consumption at school. In addition, the effect of relative healthy food availability at home on preadolescents’ food consumption at school was explored. In total, 142 Dutch preadolescents (mean age 12.18) and 81 parents completed questionnaires. The results showed that preadolescents perceived themselves as having higher food-related autonomy and lower competence to eat healthily as compared to their parents’ perceptions. A path analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model. Although parental support was positively associated with food-related autonomy, higher food-related autonomy was related to less healthy food intake at school. On the other hand, competence to eat healthily indirectly affected preadolescents’ healthy intake ratio through their healthy eating motivation. Finally, the relative availability of healthy options at home was positively associated with preadolescents’ healthy intake ratio outside the home. Findings from the study advance the understanding of individual and environmental factors that influence eating habits during the key life period of early adolescence. The results may inform interventions aiming to guide preadolescents to make healthy food choices on their own.

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“…In the next section, we present briefly the conceptual model of the key characteristics of the IRE style, followed by a description of the operationalisation of constructs into subscales. For a more complete overview of the conceptual model, including evidence on why each characteristic of IRE style is considered adaptive, see Palascha et al (2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ability to perceive bodily signals of satiation and hunger is, thus, a plausible predictor of health outcomes; yet it is often overlooked and there is lack of valid measures to easily capture this ability in large and diverse samples of the population and/or in ecologically and hunger (SH subscale), defined as the ability to sense/perceive and interpret the signals that the body generates in response to satiation and hunger (Palascha et al, 2020a). SS and SH are reliable and stable, and as mentioned previously, predict self-reported physical, psychological, and behavioural outcomes in expected ways (Palascha et al, 2020c).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body wisdom : An individual differences approach to advance theory, methods, and interventions of internally regulated eating

Palascha

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| our eating behaviours. For example, internalization of the thin body ideal has been found in prospective studies to increase social appearance comparison and body dissatisfaction already in young ages (Rodgers et al., 2015). In turn, body dissatisfaction predicts dietary restraint (Dunkley et al., 2001), disordered eating behaviours, and psychological distress (Johnson & Wardle, 2005).Concern about weight is widespread in today's societies. In a large and representative community sample of Dutch consumers 63% of both males and females were identified as dieters and dieting reflected mainly a heightened concern about weight rather than an actual restriction of food intake (de Ridder et al., 2014). Weight control behaviours are also very widespread. For instance, more than 70% of consumers were found to exhibit behaviours such as eating low-calorie food, limiting sweets and snacks, or eating smaller portions in a crosssectional study with Dutch adults (20-40 years old) (Wammes et al., 2007) and similar findings have been observed also in other populations (French et al., 1999). It is difficult to imagine that such behaviours are driven only by appearance concerns. Many individuals try to regulate their eating driven mainly by health, ideological, or other personal motives (Lindeman & Stark, 1999).Yet for others dissatisfaction with body size and shape is more influential and different motives are often intertwined (Lindeman & Stark, 1999;Pelletier et al., 2004). Furthermore, the obsession about weight and thinness translates into stigmatization of overweight and obese individuals and weight stigma discourages health behaviour change (Brownell et al., 2005). According to the cyclic obesity and weight-based stigma model, weight stigma induces stress, which in turn elicits a series of behavioural, physiological, and emotional responses (e.g., comfort eating, increased cortisol levels, feelings of shame), which associate with weight gain and difficulty in weight loss (Tomiyama, 2014). This is supported by evidence showing that weight stigma associates with exercise avoidance (Vartanian & Shaprow, 2008) and behavioural tendencies that increase food intake such as binge eating (Haines, 2006).Unfortunately, bias towards increased weight is a widespread phenomenon and has even been documented among health professionals who treat obesity and eating disorders (Puhl et al., 2014;Schwartz et al., 2003).In general, therefore, it seems that the societal pressure for thinness creates a general anxiety around eating and weight (in some individuals more than others) that may impede adherence to healthy eating and healthy lifestyles.Chapter 1 | alternative paradigm addressing the gaps and failures of the traditional paradigm of weight management (Gast & Hawks, 1998;Robison, 1997). This new paradigm was based on the assumptions that low weight is not tautological to health, that the cultural pressures for thinness exacerbate the normal differences in size and shape among individuals, that dieting systematically leads to weight gain...

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Internally regulated eating style: a comprehensive theoretical framework

Cited by 18 publications

References 138 publications

Development and validation of the Multidimensional Internally Regulated Eating Scale (MIRES)

Development and validation of the Multidimensional Internally Regulated Eating Scale (MIRES)

Dutch Preadolescents’ Food Consumption at School: Influence of Autonomy, Competence and Parenting Practices

Body wisdom : An individual differences approach to advance theory, methods, and interventions of internally regulated eating

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