1999
DOI: 10.1108/02651339910371000
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International and Cross-cultural Management Research

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Cited by 91 publications
(107 citation statements)
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“…Inappropriate translation processes often result in a biased, inconclusive, or misguided research outcomes (Maneesriwongul & Dixon, 2004). Developing an acceptable instrument for another cultural group requires more effort than a literal translation, which all too often is the common practice (Usunier, 1998). There is a growing need for standard and validated practices for translating psychological instruments.…”
Section: Validating a Translated Psychometric Scalementioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Inappropriate translation processes often result in a biased, inconclusive, or misguided research outcomes (Maneesriwongul & Dixon, 2004). Developing an acceptable instrument for another cultural group requires more effort than a literal translation, which all too often is the common practice (Usunier, 1998). There is a growing need for standard and validated practices for translating psychological instruments.…”
Section: Validating a Translated Psychometric Scalementioning
confidence: 99%
“…To minimize the bias of interpreting a certain word from the original term, there should be a validation process confirming that the meaning of the original source is correctly conveyed and interpreted. Usunier (1998) claimed that to insure validity in the translation process, back-translation should be used to ensure that the target language is as near as possible to meaning in the original source language. Language is a significant predictor of cultural distance (West & Graham, 1998); therefore, it is important for foreign researchers to validate the translated psychometric scale using the backtranslation technique.…”
Section: Validating a Translated Psychometric Scalementioning
confidence: 99%
“…There are many challenges in the use of language in cross-cultural international research (Usunier, 1998). Here, except for some expatriate Tesco managers who were interviewed in English, most of the interviewees and the primary researcher were Korean, who used their native Korean language (Marschan-Piekkari & Welch, 2004).…”
Section: Phase 2: Interview Guide Developmentmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This emphasis on inter-cultural issues (Hampden-Turner & Trompenaars, 1993;Jackson, 1995;Usunier, 1998) was aimed at transforming differences and cultural diversity into positive factors for the global expansion of corporations and, correspondingly, the promotion of economic development in a large number of host countries and regions.…”
Section: A Historical Understanding Of the National-international Issmentioning
confidence: 99%