International Comparison of Causative Bacteria and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Urinary Tract Infections between Kobe, Japan, and Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

SUMMARY:Variation by country in urinary tract infection (UTI)-causative bacteria is partly due to the differences in the use of antibiotics. We compared their frequencies and antibiotic susceptibilities in the treatment of patients with UTI from 2 cities, Kobe, Japan, and Surabaya, Indonesia. We retrospectively analyzed 1,804 urine samples collected from patients with UTI in 2014 (1,251 collected in 11 months at Kobe University Hospital in Kobe and 544 collected in 2 months at Dr. Soetomo Hospital in Surabaya). Surabaya data were divided into adult and pediatric patients because a substantial number of specimens from pediatric-patients had been collected. The results indicated that Escherichia coli was the most common uropathogen (24.1 in Kobe and 39.3 in Surabaya) and was significantly resistant to ampicillin and substantially to first-and third-generation cephalosporins in Surabaya adults but not in Kobe adults (p ＜ 0.01). Enterococcus faecalis was often isolated in Kobe (14.0 ), but not in Surabaya (5.3 ). Klebsiella spp. were isolated at a higher rate in Surabaya pediatric patients (20.3 ) than in Surabaya adults (13.6 ) and Kobe adults (6.6 ). The antibiotic susceptibilities of the isolates form Surabaya isolates tended to be lower than the ones from Kobe. Extended-spectrum β-lactamaseproducing Gram-negative bacteria were detected at a significantly higher rate in Surabaya than in Kobe (p ＜ 0.001). These results showed that the antimicrobial resistance patterns of UTI-causative bacteria are highly variable among 2 countries, and the continuous surveillance of trends in antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens is necessary for the future revision of antibiotic use.

Urinary tract infection pathogens and antimicrobial susceptibilities in Kobe, Japan and Taipei, Taiwan: an international analysis

“…We previously identified E. coli as the most common UTI pathogen in Indonesia in a comparison with Kobe. 7 Moreover, the ESBL production rates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae were high in Indonesia, and susceptibility to LVFX was poor, which is also similar to the current findings. Ampicillin, cephalosporins, and fluoroquinolones are choices for treating UTIs in Indonesia.…”

Occurrence and characterization of carbapenem‐resistant Gram‐negative bacilli: A collaborative study of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria between Indonesia and Japan

“…[11][12][13][14] To investigate carbapenemase genes including NDM-1, IMP-7 and OXA-181, multiplex PCR (Hyplex SuperBug ID; Amplex, Gars am Inn, Germany) was used. This system can identify the phenotype of carbapenemase genes, such as bla VIM (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) , bla IMP and bla NDM-1 ; oxacillinase genes, such as bla OXA-48 -like encoding genes (including bla OXA-162 , OXA-181 , OXA.204 and bla OXA-244 ); and all variants of bla KPC(1-10) genes, as previously described. 15 DNA sequencing was carried out by Eurofins Genomics, Tokyo, Japan, after purification of PCR products by the QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany).…”

“…A recent survey of eight Indonesian hospitals in 2016 (not yet published) showed that the occurrence of ESBL among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae (the most prevalent ESBL producers) ranged between 46% to 85%. Data from 2010 in three cities in Indonesia showed that 45% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae seen were ESBL ‐ producing, and that of 2014 showed a higher rate . ESBL‐producing bacteria are resistant to the third‐generation cephalosporin and monobactam/AZT, and in Indonesia the choice of antibiotics is limited to carbapenem, AMK, the combination of the third‐generation cephalosporin with β‐lactamase inhibitors (S/C and PIPC/TAZ), FOM and TGC…”

“…Data from 2010 in three cities in Indonesia showed that 45% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae seen were ESBL-producing, and that of 2014 showed a higher rate. 7,8 ESBL-producing bacteria are resistant to the third-generation cephalosporin and monobactam/AZT, and in Indonesia the choice of antibiotics is limited to carbapenem, AMK, the combination of the third-generation cephalosporin with b-lactamase inhibitors (S/C and PIPC/TAZ), FOM and TGC. 7 The purpose of the present study is to explore the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of CR-GNB isolated from urine specimens from hospitalized patients with suspected UTI in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia, through the Japanese-Indonesian research collaborative program in J-GRID.…”

Karakterisasi Senyawa Bioaktif Kapang Laut Trichoderma asperellum MT02 dengan Aktivitas Anti-Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) E. coli

“…Bakteri ESBL E. coli dilaporkan sebagai patogen yang mengakibatkan diare pada beberapa kasus kesehatan di kota Surabaya (Wasito et al, 2017). Kitagawa et al (2018) juga melaporkan bahwa bakteri ESBL E. coli merupakan patogen dominan yang menyebabkan infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) pada pasien di rumah sakit Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya. Bakteri ini juga diketahui sebagai penyebab infkesi lain seperti pneumonia, abses, sepsis hingga infeksi kulit dan tulang (Natalia et al, 2018).…”