International comparison of glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes: an update and extension

Prigge, Regina; McKnight, John; Wild, Sarah; Jones, Timothy W.; Davis, Elizabeth A.; Rami‐Merhar, Birgit; Fritsch, Maria; Prchla, Christine; Lavens, Astrid; Doggen, Kris; Chao, Suchsia; Aronson, Ronnie; Brown, Ruth E.; Ibfelt, Else Helene; Svensson, Jannet; Young, Robert J.; Warner, Justin; Robinson, Holly; Laatikainen, Tiina; Rautiainen, Päivi; Delemer, Brigitte; Souchon, Pierre‐François; Diallo, Alpha Mamadou; Holl, Reinhard W.; Schmid, Sebastian; Raile, Klemens; Tigas, Stelios; Bargiota, Αlexandra; Zografou, Ioanna; Luk, Andrea O. Y.; Chan, Juliana C.N.; Dinneen, Seán F.; Buckley, Cynthia; Kgosidialwa, Oratile; Cherubini, Valentino; Gesuita, Rosaria; Strēle, Ieva; Pildava, Santa; Veeze, Henk J.; Aanstoot, Henk‐Jan; Mul, Dick; Jefferies, Craig; Cooper, John G.; Løvaas, Karianne Fjeld; Battelino, Tadej; Dovč, Klemen; Bratina, Nataša; Eeg‐Olofsson, Katarina; Svensson, Ann‐Marie; Guðbjörnsdóttir, Soffia; Глоба, Е В; Zelinska, Nataliya

doi:10.1111/dme.14766

Cited by 44 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The duration of diabetes also affects glycaemic control. As the age and duration of the disease increase, the glycaemic control worsens, as shown by the recent study [10,11]. The honeymoon phase and supervised parental care in the early years of diagnosis are factors associated with better glycaemic control in the early years after diagnosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Glycaemic control and factors affecting it in type 1 diabetes in children: experience from a tertiary care centre in India

Dayal¹,

Yadav²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

pedm

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Introduction: Optimal glycaemic control is essential for the prevention of future micro-and macrovascular complications in type 1 diabetes (T1D). The type of insulin, the type of insulin delivery device, the caregiver's knowledge, the patient's age, duration of diabetes, and self-monitoring of blood glucose affect glycaemic control in type 1 diabetes. In the present study, we analysed glycaemic control and factors affecting it at a tertiary care centre in northern India. Material and methods: A retrospective review of records of patients registered between 2015 and 2018 was done. The data on demographic and disease-related factors were collected from the records. The different groups were compared with the t-test, oneway ANOVA, or Kruskal-Wallis test. Results:The mean age at the time of evaluation was 10.43 ±4.04 years (2-21 years), and the mean disease duration was 46.61 ±28.49 months (16-141 months). Most of the patients were prepubertal and using a basal-bolus regimen. The mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c ) was 7.96 ±1.46%, but only 24% had HbA 1c below the International Society of Paediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD) recommended desirable level of below 7%. Forty-six patients suffered one or more micro-macrovascular complications, and dyslipidaemia was the most common complication. Children with a longer duration of disease (8.39 ±1.42% vs. 7.59 ±1.65%), an episode of DKA (diabetes ketoacidosis) within a year of evaluation (9.19 ±2.54% vs. 7.93 ±1.39%), lower maternal (8.22 ±1.37% vs. 7.56 ±1.45%) and paternal education (8.26 ±1.67% vs. 7.78 ±1.30%), and hyperthyroid state (9.43 ±2.28% vs. 7.91 ±1.45%) had higher HbA 1c . Conclusions: Better diabetes education focusing on parents with lower education strata and children with longer disease duration and poor compliance can help improve glycaemic control in developing countries like India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Glycaemic control and factors affecting it in type 1 diabetes in children: experience from a tertiary care centre in India

Dayal¹,

Yadav²,

Kumar³

et al. 2022

pedm

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show abstract

“…Establishing and maintaining normoglycemia after the onset of T1D is very important for preventing late T1D complications. The international study of glycemic control in people with T1D showed that glycemic control is still suboptimal [108]. The use of continuous glucose monitoring was shown to reduce glucose variability [109].…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Late Complications in Type 1 Diabetes

Kern

Podkrajšek

Kovač

et al. 2022

Genes

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Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease in which the destruction of pancreatic β cells leads to hyperglycemia. The prevention of hyperglycemia is very important to avoid or at least postpone the development of micro- and macrovascular complications, also known as late complications. These include diabetic retinopathy, chronic renal failure, diabetic neuropathy, and cardiovascular diseases. The impact of long-term hyperglycemia has been shown to persist long after the normalization of blood glucose levels, a phenomenon known as metabolic memory. It is believed that epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs, play an important role in metabolic memory. The aim of this review is to address the impact of long-term hyperglycemia on epigenetic marks in late complications of type 1 diabetes.

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“…Other examples of recent work include descriptions of: 1. marked and widening socio-economic inequalities in type 2 diabetes prevalence in Scotland. 21 2. prevalence of remission of type 2 diabetes. 22 3. variation in glycaemic control of type 1 diabetes by age and national/regional data sources.…”

Section: Findings To Datementioning

confidence: 99%

Cohort profile: the Scottish Diabetes Research Network national diabetes cohort – a population-based cohort of people with diabetes in Scotland

et al. 2022

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PurposeThe Scottish Diabetes Research Network (SDRN)-diabetes research platform was established to combine disparate electronic health record data into research-ready linked datasets for diabetes research in Scotland. The resultant cohort, ‘The SDRN-National Diabetes Dataset (SDRN-NDS)’, has many uses, for example, understanding healthcare burden and socioeconomic trends in disease incidence and prevalence, observational pharmacoepidemiology studies and building prediction tools to support clinical decision making.ParticipantsWe estimate that >99% of those diagnosed with diabetes nationwide are captured into the research platform. Between 2006 and mid-2020, the cohort comprised 472 648 people alive with diabetes at any point in whom there were 4 million person-years of follow-up. Of the cohort, 88.1% had type 2 diabetes, 8.8% type 1 diabetes and 3.1% had other types (eg, secondary diabetes). Data are captured from all key clinical encounters for diabetes-related care, including diabetes clinic, primary care and podiatry and comprise clinical history and measurements with linkage to blood results, microbiology, prescribed and dispensed drug and devices, retinopathy screening, outpatient, day case and inpatient episodes, birth outcomes, cancer registry, renal registry and causes of death.Findings to dateThere have been >50 publications using the SDRN-NDS. Examples of recent key findings include analysis of the incidence and relative risks for COVID-19 infection, drug safety of insulin glargine and SGLT2 inhibitors, life expectancy estimates, evaluation of the impact of flash monitors on glycaemic control and diabetic ketoacidosis and time trend analysis showing that diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) remains a major cause of death under age 50 years. The findings have been used to guide national diabetes strategy and influence national and international guidelines.Future plansThe comprehensive SDRN-NDS will continue to be used in future studies of diabetes epidemiology in the Scottish population. It will continue to be updated at least annually, with new data sources linked as they become available.

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International comparison of glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes: an update and extension

Cited by 44 publications

References 16 publications

Glycaemic control and factors affecting it in type 1 diabetes in children: experience from a tertiary care centre in India

Glycaemic control and factors affecting it in type 1 diabetes in children: experience from a tertiary care centre in India

The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Late Complications in Type 1 Diabetes

Cohort profile: the Scottish Diabetes Research Network national diabetes cohort – a population-based cohort of people with diabetes in Scotland

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