International developments in electrorefining technologies for pyrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels

Lewin, R. G.; Harrison, Mike T.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-78242-212-9.00015-0

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Recently pyrochemical processes have attracted significant attention, particularly in the context of recycling spent nuclear fuel. [1][2][3][4] Such pyrochemical processes concern a variety of elements associated with the spent nuclear fuel; 5 most of the uranium is collected in an electro-refining process, 6,7 whereas residual uranium, transuranium (TRU), and lanthanide ions are gathered in an electro-winning process. 8 The TRU and lanthanide elements are reduced at the liquid cadmium cathode, while counter oxidation reactions such as Cl 2 evolution, the oxidation of U 3+ , etc.…”

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Electrochemical Behavior of Ytterbium Cations in LiCl-KCl Melt Using Spectro-Electrochemical Methods

Bae

Kim

Lee

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Electrochemical behavior of ytterbium cations in a LiCl-KCl melt was investigated by electrochemical and UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy methods. In the LiCl-KCl melt, ytterbium exists with divalent and trivalent oxidation states. The electrochemical results showed that the electrochemical reactions of the Yb2+/3+ are reversible and controlled by their diffusion rates. UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy results indicate that the Yb2+ and Yb3+ ions in the LiCl-KCl melt have a few strong absorption bands below 400 nm. Additionally, the molar absorptivities of these electronic transitions of Yb2+ and Yb3+ in LiCl-KCl melt are reported.

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confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Electrochemical Behavior of Ytterbium Cations in LiCl-KCl Melt Using Spectro-Electrochemical Methods

Bae

Kim

Lee

et al. 2015

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…While fuel cycle R&D has fallen back in Japan following Fukushima, the other Asian countries are investing heavily and within the next two decades they will become global leaders in fuel recycling. China, India and Russia have multi-track programmes, that is: looking across thermal and fast reactor recycling; covering aqueous and pyrochemical technologies for nearer and longer term applications; integrating reprocessing and fuel re-manufacturing and building new facilities [31]. ROK is unusual in that, mainly because of non-technical reasons, they are focused solely on applying pyrochemical recycling technology.…”

Section: Materials Challenges In Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges to deployment of twenty-first century nuclear reactor systems

Ion¹

2017

Proc. R. Soc. A.

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The science and engineering of materials have always been fundamental to the success of nuclear power to date. They are also the key to the successful deployment and operation of a new generation of nuclear reactor systems and their associated fuel cycles. This article reflects on some of the historical issues, the challenges still prevalent today and the requirement for significant ongoing materials R&D and discusses the potential role of small modular reactors.

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“…Thus, comprehensive information concerning the electrochemical processes taking place on inert and reactive electrodes, and thermodynamic properties of uranium compounds in prospective chloride molten salts is essential for optimization of closed fuel cycle. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The main goal of the experimental studies was understanding the electrochemical behavior and mechanism of uranium recovery on different electrodes in molten salt media, particularly taking into account continuous changing composition of the molten salt electrolyte during SNF electrorefining step. Substantial experimental work aimed at studying the electrochemical behavior of uranium in molten alkali metal chlorides has been performed in the past by various researchers.…”

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Mechanism of Metallic Uranium and Bimetallic U-Ga, U-Cd Alloys Electrodeposition in Molten LiCl–KCl–CsCl Eutectic

Новоселова

Smolenski

Volkovich

et al. 2023

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Speciation and behavior of uranium (III) chloride in the ternary low melting LiCl–KCl–CsCl eutectic was studied by electrochemistry and spectroscopy techniques. Cathodic reduction of U(III) ions on inert (tungsten) and reactive (gallium, cadmium) electrodes was investigated at 623-923 K using cyclic and square wave voltammetry. The potential scan rate was changed from 0.075 to 0.5 V/s in all experiments. It was established that the electrochemical reduction process on the inert electrode was irreversible, proceeded in one stage, and was controlled by the charge transfer. Formation of uranium alloys with gallium and cadmium was studied using active liquid Ga and Cd electrodes. Reduction of uranium ions of the reactive electrodes proceeded with considerable depolarization. The effect of current density on the composition of the cathodic product was considered. Conditions for the electrochemical production of alloys of a given composition were determined.

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International developments in electrorefining technologies for pyrochemical processing of spent nuclear fuels

Cited by 21 publications

References 41 publications

Investigation of the Electrochemical Behavior of Ytterbium Cations in LiCl-KCl Melt Using Spectro-Electrochemical Methods

Investigation of the Electrochemical Behavior of Ytterbium Cations in LiCl-KCl Melt Using Spectro-Electrochemical Methods

Challenges to deployment of twenty-first century nuclear reactor systems

Mechanism of Metallic Uranium and Bimetallic U-Ga, U-Cd Alloys Electrodeposition in Molten LiCl–KCl–CsCl Eutectic

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