International labor migration and its impact on the labor market of Ukraine in the context of Russian military aggression

Abstract

The modern development of the global economy is characterized by globalization, the tendency of economies towards openness, free movement of factors of production, including labor. The article discusses the phenomenon of international labor migration as the cross-border movement of individuals for the purpose of further employment. It is noted that it occurs under the influence of a range of interconnected factors, in conditions of growing differences between countries. The article analyzes the impact of mass labor migration of Ukrainians on the national labor market during the full-scale russian aggression, which the author considers as a crisis and destructive condition. It is proved that the unsatisfactory state of the labor market under the influence of crisis phenomena can also encourage migrants to leave and find employment in other countries. The conclusion is made that international labor migration and the national labor market are definitely interconnected and influence each other. It is noted that the consequences of international labor migration are ambiguous and have an impact on both the recipient and donor country. In particular, international labor migration can cause such obvious negative consequences for the national labor market as increased competition, lower overall wages in the receiving country, and brain drain in the country of origin. Using the example of Ukraine during the full-scale russian invasion, a labor shortage on the labor market due to the migration of workers abroad is noticed. It is emphasized that with appropriate comprehensive regulation, international labor migration becomes a real tool for improving the situation on national labor markets and has a positive impact on the well-being of states even in a crisis period. For example, foreign workers specially recruited from abroad or returning Ukrainian migrants can help overcome labor shortages in sectors where there is a significant lack of workforce Therefore, the necessary conditions for the formation of an effective migration policy during crisis conditions are: the study of current trends in international labor migration, the identification of the reasons that cause these trends, and the consequences of the impact of this phenomenon on the labor market in Ukraine.