International relevance of two measures of awareness of age-related change (AARC)

Sabatini, Serena; Ukoumunne, Obioha C; Ballard, Clive; Kaspar, Roman; Collins, Rachel; Kim, Sarang; Corbett, Anne; Aarsland, Dag; Hampshire, Adam; Brooker, Helen; Clare, Linda

doi:10.1186/s12877-020-01767-6

Cited by 32 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…The small association found between a decline in participants’ information processing speed and greater AARC-losses is in line with cross-sectional evidence, documenting either negligible or small associations between indicators of poorer subjective and objective cognitive performance and greater AARC-losses (O’Brien et al, 2021; Sabatini, Ukoumunne, Ballard, Brothers, et al, 2020; Sabatini, Ukoumunne, Ballard, Collins, Anstey, et al, 2021; Zhu & Neupert, 2021). Differently from cross-sectional evidence showing that poorer cognitive performance is negligibly associated with more AARC-gains (Sabatini, Ukoumunne, Ballard, Collins, Anstey, et al, 2021), the current longitudinal study found a small association between decline in cognitive functioning and lower AARC-gains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Identifying predictors of self-perceptions of aging based on a range of cognitive, physical, and mental health indicators: Twenty-year longitudinal findings from the ILSE study.

Sabatini¹,

Siebert²,

Diehl³

et al. 2022

Psychology and Aging

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Research exploring whether health predicts self-perceptions of aging (SPA) has mostly focused on single predictors and has been hampered by short observational intervals. We examined whether 20-year changes in cognitive functioning, physical and mental health predict SPA. We used data of 103 German participants who remained of a sample of 500 participants born in 1930-1932 enrolled in the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE) in 1993/1996 (mean age at fourth measurement wave = 82.5 years). Health indicators included six cognitive tests, objective and subjective physical health, and self-reported depression. We used a new and multidimensional (awareness of age-related gains and losses) and a well-established (attitudes toward own aging) measure of SPA. Linear regression analyses showed that, among the cognitive tests, decline in information processing speed (Digit Symbol) predicted less awareness of age-related gains and more awareness of age-related losses but not attitudes toward own aging. Decline in subjective but not objective physical health, predicted more awareness of age-related losses and negative attitudes toward own aging, but not awareness of age-related gains. Increase in depressive symptoms predicted more awareness of age-related losses and negative attitudes toward own aging, but not awareness of age-related gains. The size of associations suggests that objective cognitive decline has limited influence on older adults' SPA and, if so, only when the decline is related to mental slowing. Similarly, perceived physical and mental health, but not objective health, have a small-to-moderate influence on awareness of age-related losses and attitudes toward own aging.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Identifying predictors of self-perceptions of aging based on a range of cognitive, physical, and mental health indicators: Twenty-year longitudinal findings from the ILSE study.

Sabatini¹,

Siebert²,

Diehl³

et al. 2022

Psychology and Aging

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“…This short form was used in the present study. Like for the long form (Brothers et al, 2019), the two-factor solution was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis and independent samples (Kaspar et al, 2019;Sabatini et al, 2020). Findings for the AARC measure suggest that VOA in very old age are both a result of change in health status and engagement in life and a predictor of future health status (Spuling et al, 2013;Dutt et al, 2018a;Kaspar et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Awareness of Age-Related Change as a Behavioral Determinant of Survival Time in Very Old Age

2021

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Although research on the association between subjective views of aging (VOA) and survival is scarce, more negative VOA have been found to be associated with increased all-cause mortality, even after controlling for possible confounders. Longitudinal studies on the predictive association of VOA with survival in individuals aged 80 years or older are, however, very limited. Thus, the aim of this study was to link adults’ awareness of age-related change (AARC), a multidimensional measure of adults’ subjective VOA, to survival time across a 3.5-year observation interval in advanced old age. To put the AARC construct in context, the study also considered related psychosocial concepts (i.e., perceived control and appraisal of life) essential for coping with late-life challenges as potential behavioral predictors of longevity. Data came from a representative panel study that included persons living in community and institutional settings. A total of 1,863 interviews were conducted at wave 1. This study used meta-data from wave 2 fieldwork 2 years after the initial assessment and death records obtained during panel maintenance after 3.5 years to estimate determinants of survival. Results showed that loss-related VOA indicated increased risk to survival, whereas gain-related VOA were predictive of longer survival. Both perceived age-related losses and perceived age-related gains exerted a significant independent effect on late-life mortality over and above socio-demographic background characteristics, perceived control, engagement with life, as well as health status. These findings suggest that the multidimensional examination of very old adults’ VOA may help to better understand successful longevity in the Fourth Age.

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“…On the other hand, poorer cognition and the subsequent perception of cognitive decline and fear of loss of function may predict symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hill et al, 2016;Kessler et al, 2012;Mol et al, 2008). If this is the case, promoting the acceptance of age-related cognitive changes (Hahn & Lachman, 2015;Huntley et al, 2017;Sabatini et al, 2020Sabatini et al, , 2020aSabatini et al, , 2021, boosting positive effects, decreasing negative effects (Crane et al, 2007), and consultation with health professionals (Hill et al, 2016) may all be potential strategies to reduce SCD and SMD. Alternatively, SCD, SMD, depression and anxiety may all be caused by other factors; for instance, they may both be the consequence of cognitive decline and of neurodegenerative processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of subjective cognitive and memory decline with depression, anxiety, and two-year change in objectively-assessed global cognition and memory

Sabatini

Woods

Ukoumunne

et al. 2021

Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition

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Research studies exploring the association of cognitive complaints with objectively assessed cognitive decline report inconsistent results. However, many of these have methodological limitations. We investigated whether 1) more severe subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and subjective memory decline (SMD) predict change in objectively assessed global cognition, remote memory, recent memory, learning; 2) the predictive value of more severe SMD over change in objectively assessed remote memory, recent memory, and learning is stronger for individuals that report an SMD that started within the past five years than for those that report an SMD that started five or more years previously and/or stronger for those that experienced SMD within the past two years than for those who had not; and 3) greater depression and anxiety are associated with more severe SCD and SMD. We used two-year longitudinal data from the CFAS-Wales study (N = 1,531; mean (SD) age = 73.0 (6.0) years). We fitted linear regression models. More severe SCD and SMD did not predict change in objectively assessed global cognition, remote memory, and recent memory but predicted lower scores in learning. The prediction of SMD over change in learning was not stronger when individuals reported an SMD that started within the past five years compared to when they reported an SMD that started five or more years previously nor when individuals reported an SMD that started within the past two years than those who did not. Greater depression and anxiety were associated with more severe SCD and SMD. More severe SMD may be useful for predicting lower learning ability and for identifying individuals experiencing depression and anxiety.

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International relevance of two measures of awareness of age-related change (AARC)

Cited by 32 publications

References 88 publications

Identifying predictors of self-perceptions of aging based on a range of cognitive, physical, and mental health indicators: Twenty-year longitudinal findings from the ILSE study.

Identifying predictors of self-perceptions of aging based on a range of cognitive, physical, and mental health indicators: Twenty-year longitudinal findings from the ILSE study.

Awareness of Age-Related Change as a Behavioral Determinant of Survival Time in Very Old Age

Associations of subjective cognitive and memory decline with depression, anxiety, and two-year change in objectively-assessed global cognition and memory

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